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Original Research

Amalgamation of complex iron(III) ions and iron nanoclusters with MWCNTs as a route to potential T₂ MRI contrast agents

Nikodem Kuźnik1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, PolandCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]

Mateusz M Tomczyk1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

Marzena Wyskocka1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

Łukasz Przypis1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

Artur P Herman1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

Rafał Jędrysiak1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

Krzysztof K Koziol2 Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Sławomir Boncel1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, PolandCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]

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Figures & data

Table 1 Composition of Fe@O-MWCNTs

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Figure 1 Modification of Fe@MWCNTs.

Notes: For clarity, only the outer nanotube wall is shown indicating oxidation defects as gaps and corresponding functional groups; the descriptions 1a–1c correspond to the appropriate products obtained through different synthetic routes.

Abbreviations: Fe@MWCNT, iron-filled multiwall carbon nanotube; Fe@O-MWCNT, oxidized Fe@MWCNT; Fe@f-MWCNT, Fe@MWCNT functionalized with N-phenylaziridine groups; L, N,N,N′-[bis(2-hydroxyphenylmethyl)]-[(2-pyridinyl)methyl]-1,3-propanediamine ligand; PEG, polyethylene glycol.

Figure 1 Modification of Fe@MWCNTs.Notes: For clarity, only the outer nanotube wall is shown indicating oxidation defects as gaps and corresponding functional groups; the descriptions 1a–1c correspond to the appropriate products obtained through different synthetic routes.Abbreviations: Fe@MWCNT, iron-filled multiwall carbon nanotube; Fe@O-MWCNT, oxidized Fe@MWCNT; Fe@f-MWCNT, Fe@MWCNT functionalized with N-phenylaziridine groups; L, N,N,N′-[bis(2-hydroxyphenylmethyl)]-[(2-pyridinyl)methyl]-1,3-propanediamine ligand; PEG, polyethylene glycol.

Figure 2 Three different approaches to synthesize Fe(III)/Fe@O-MWCNT-PEG (1a–1c).

Abbreviations: Fe@MWCNTs, iron-filled multiwall carbon nanotubes; Fe@O-MWCNT, oxidized Fe@MWCNT; FeCl₃, ferric chloride; PEG, polyethylene glycol; PEG-OH, hydroxyl PEG; SOCl₂, thionyl chloride.

Figure 3 UV–Vis spectra of four Fe@O-MWCNT batches right after sonication (A), and 2 months later (B).

Note: The different lines represent different batches.

Abbreviations: Abs, absorbance; Fe@O-MWCNT, oxidized Fe@MWCNT; Fe@MWCNT, iron-filled multiwall carbon nanotube; UV–Vis, ultraviolet–visible.

Amalgamation of complex iron(III) ions and iron nanoclusters with MWCNTs as a route to potential T₂ MRI contrast agents

Table 1 Composition of Fe@O-MWCNTs

Table 2 Sedimentation degree of MWCNTs within 24 hours

Table 3 The effect of Fe³⁺ anchoring onto Fe@(f-/O-)MWCNTs

Table 4 Relaxivity r₂ of MWCNT-based magnetic hybrids as potential T₂ CAs

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Amalgamation of complex iron(III) ions and iron nanoclusters with MWCNTs as a route to potential T2 MRI contrast agents

Figures & data

Table 1 Composition of Fe@O-MWCNTs

Table 2 Sedimentation degree of MWCNTs within 24 hours

Table 3 The effect of Fe3+ anchoring onto Fe@(f-/O-)MWCNTs

Table 4 Relaxivity r2 of MWCNT-based magnetic hybrids as potential T2 CAs

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Amalgamation of complex iron(III) ions and iron nanoclusters with MWCNTs as a route to potential T₂ MRI contrast agents

Table 3 The effect of Fe³⁺ anchoring onto Fe@(f-/O-)MWCNTs

Table 4 Relaxivity r₂ of MWCNT-based magnetic hybrids as potential T₂ CAs