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Pre- and postmortem imaging of transplanted cells

Anna Andrzejewska1 NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

Adam Nowakowski1 NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

Miroslaw Janowski1 NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;2 Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;3 RusselI H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;4 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Jeff WM Bulte3 RusselI H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;4 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;6 Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;7 Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Assaf A Gilad3 RusselI H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;4 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Piotr Walczak3 RusselI H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;4 Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;8 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland

Barbara Lukomska1 NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, PolandCorrespondence[email protected]

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Figures & data

Figure 1 Imaging of SPIO-labeled autologous cord blood derived cells in a patient with global cerebral ischemia.

Notes: (A) Volume rendering of MRI data of the patient’s head obtained 24 hours posttransplantation. Semiautomatic segmentation is based on pixel intensity, showing the projection of the ventricular system (green) and the distribution of the SPIO signal from the transplanted cells within the occipital horn of the right ventricle (red). Note the supine configuration of the head, corresponding to positioning during surgery. The route and trajectory of cell transplantation via the frontal horn is represented by the needle. (B) Posterior-superior view of the patient’s head, emphasizing the location of the hypointense SPIO signal from autologous cord blood-derived cells transplanted within the occipital horn. (C) T2*-weighted image with an orthogonal view centered on the cellular SPIO signal in the occipital horn (white arrowhead). (D–I) Sagittal T2*-weighted MRI scans showing a longitudinal dispersion of SPIO signal within the occipital horn (white arrowheads); (D) pretransplantation, (E) 24 hours posttransplantation (PT), (F) 7 days PT, (G) 2 months PT, (H) 4 months PT, and (I) 33 months PT.

Abbreviations: SPIO, superparamagnetic iron nanoparticle; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.

Figure 1 Imaging of SPIO-labeled autologous cord blood derived cells in a patient with global cerebral ischemia.Notes: (A) Volume rendering of MRI data of the patient’s head obtained 24 hours posttransplantation. Semiautomatic segmentation is based on pixel intensity, showing the projection of the ventricular system (green) and the distribution of the SPIO signal from the transplanted cells within the occipital horn of the right ventricle (red). Note the supine configuration of the head, corresponding to positioning during surgery. The route and trajectory of cell transplantation via the frontal horn is represented by the needle. (B) Posterior-superior view of the patient’s head, emphasizing the location of the hypointense SPIO signal from autologous cord blood-derived cells transplanted within the occipital horn. (C) T2*-weighted image with an orthogonal view centered on the cellular SPIO signal in the occipital horn (white arrowhead). (D–I) Sagittal T2*-weighted MRI scans showing a longitudinal dispersion of SPIO signal within the occipital horn (white arrowheads); (D) pretransplantation, (E) 24 hours posttransplantation (PT), (F) 7 days PT, (G) 2 months PT, (H) 4 months PT, and (I) 33 months PT.Abbreviations: SPIO, superparamagnetic iron nanoparticle; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.

Figure 2 High-resolution MRI images.

Notes: Brain has two tumors, a control (wt) and a glioma expressing a recombinant MRI reporter HSV1-TK, highlighted using CEST imaging.

Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; HSV1-TK, herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase; CEST, chemical exchange saturation transfer; h, hour.

Figure 2 High-resolution MRI images.Notes: Brain has two tumors, a control (wt) and a glioma expressing a recombinant MRI reporter HSV1-TK, highlighted using CEST imaging.Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; HSV1-TK, herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase; CEST, chemical exchange saturation transfer; h, hour.

Figure 3 Schematic outline of bioluminescence cells creation and their identification by BLI method in host body after transplantation.

Abbreviation: BLI, bioluminescent imaging.

Figure 4 Depiction of the mechanism of optoacoustic imaging.

Table 1 Summary of most commonly used techniques for premortem identification of transplanted cells

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Table 2 Summary of existing techniques for postmortem identification of transplanted cells

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Figure 5 The summary of pre- and postmortem labeling and identification techniques described in detail in text.

Abbreviations: PET, positron emission tomography; BLI, bioluminescent imaging; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; HSV1-TK, herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase; LRP, lysine-rich protein; MR, magnetic resonance; EdU, 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; GFP, green fluorescent protein; DAPI, 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; BrdU, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine.

Pre- and postmortem imaging of transplanted cells

Table 1 Summary of most commonly used techniques for premortem identification of transplanted cells

Table 2 Summary of existing techniques for postmortem identification of transplanted cells

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Pre- and postmortem imaging of transplanted cells

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Table 1 Summary of most commonly used techniques for premortem identification of transplanted cells

Table 2 Summary of existing techniques for postmortem identification of transplanted cells

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