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International Journal of Nanomedicine Volume 10, 2015 - Issue
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Original Research

Preparation and physical characterization of calcium sulfate cement/silica-based mesoporous material composites for controlled release of BMP-2

Honglue Tan1 Luoyang Orthopedics and Traumatology Institution, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
,
Shengbing Yang2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
,
Pengyi Dai1 Luoyang Orthopedics and Traumatology Institution, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
,
Wuyin Li1 Luoyang Orthopedics and Traumatology Institution, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Luoyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
&
Bing Yue2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
Pages 4341-4350 | Published online: 07 Jul 2015

Figures & data

Figure 1 Characterization of SBA-15.

Notes: (A) Transmission electron microscopy images with different magnifications: (A1, A2) ordered SBA-15 mesopore materials; (A3, A4) unordered mesopore materials. (B) Small-angle X-ray diffraction patterns of SBA-15. (C) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and pore-size distributions of SBA-15.

Abbreviations: SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material; STP, standard temperature and pressure.

Figure 1 Characterization of SBA-15.Notes: (A) Transmission electron microscopy images with different magnifications: (A1, A2) ordered SBA-15 mesopore materials; (A3, A4) unordered mesopore materials. (B) Small-angle X-ray diffraction patterns of SBA-15. (C) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and pore-size distributions of SBA-15.Abbreviations: SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material; STP, standard temperature and pressure.

Figure 2 Fourier-transform infrared spectra of samples.

Notes: (A) Calcium sulfate cement (CSC); (B) CSC-5S; (C) CSC-10S; (D) CSC-15S; (E) CSC-20S.

Figure 2 Fourier-transform infrared spectra of samples.Notes: (A) Calcium sulfate cement (CSC); (B) CSC-5S; (C) CSC-10S; (D) CSC-15S; (E) CSC-20S.

Figure 3 Mechanical properties.

Notes: (A) The load-displacement curve of CSC/SBA-15 (nonporous material). (B) The compressive strength of CSC/BSA-15: (B1) compared with CSC-5S, CSC-10S, and CSC-20S, ***P<0.05; compared with CSC-10S and CSC-20S, **P<0.05; compared with CSC-20S, *P<0.01; (B2) compared with CSC-10S and CSC-20S, *P<0.05; compared with CSC-20S, **P<0.01.

Abbreviations: CSC, calcium sulfate cement; SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material.

Figure 3 Mechanical properties.Notes: (A) The load-displacement curve of CSC/SBA-15 (nonporous material). (B) The compressive strength of CSC/BSA-15: (B1) compared with CSC-5S, CSC-10S, and CSC-20S, ***P<0.05; compared with CSC-10S and CSC-20S, **P<0.05; compared with CSC-20S, *P<0.01; (B2) compared with CSC-10S and CSC-20S, *P<0.05; compared with CSC-20S, **P<0.01.Abbreviations: CSC, calcium sulfate cement; SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material.

Figure 4 Scanning electron microscopy after 7-day immersion in simulated body fluid.

Notes: (A) ×200; (B) ×500; (C) ×5,000; (D) ×10,000.

Abbreviation: CSC, calcium sulfate cement.

Figure 4 Scanning electron microscopy after 7-day immersion in simulated body fluid.Notes: (A) ×200; (B) ×500; (C) ×5,000; (D) ×10,000.Abbreviation: CSC, calcium sulfate cement.

Figure 5 Scanning electron microscopy after 14-day immersion in simulated body fluid.

Notes: (A) ×200; (B) ×500; (C) ×5,000; (D) ×10,000.

Abbreviation: CSC, calcium sulfate cement.

Figure 5 Scanning electron microscopy after 14-day immersion in simulated body fluid.Notes: (A) ×200; (B) ×500; (C) ×5,000; (D) ×10,000.Abbreviation: CSC, calcium sulfate cement.

Figure 6 X-ray diffraction of the surface after 14-day immersion in simulated body fluid.

Abbreviation: CSC, calcium sulfate cement.

Figure 6 X-ray diffraction of the surface after 14-day immersion in simulated body fluid.Abbreviation: CSC, calcium sulfate cement.

Figure 7 BMP-2 adsorption and release characteristics.

Notes: (A) BMP-2 adsorption, compared to CSC-10S and CSC-20S, *P<0.05; compared to CSC-20S, **P<0.01. (B) The release rate of BMP-2 slows with increasing mass percentage of SBA-15.

Abbreviations: CSC, calcium sulfate cement; SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material.

Figure 7 BMP-2 adsorption and release characteristics.Notes: (A) BMP-2 adsorption, compared to CSC-10S and CSC-20S, *P<0.05; compared to CSC-20S, **P<0.01. (B) The release rate of BMP-2 slows with increasing mass percentage of SBA-15.Abbreviations: CSC, calcium sulfate cement; SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material.

Figure 8 Weight loss of CSC/SBA-15 with different mass ratios immersed in Tris-HCl solution.

Notes: (A) Weight loss of CSC/SBA-15 compared to CSC and CSC-5S, *P<0.05. (B) Degradation rate of CSC/SBA-15 compared to CSC and CSC-5S, *P<0.05; compared to CSC-10S, #P<0.05.

Abbreviations: CSC, calcium sulfate cement; SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material.

Figure 8 Weight loss of CSC/SBA-15 with different mass ratios immersed in Tris-HCl solution.Notes: (A) Weight loss of CSC/SBA-15 compared to CSC and CSC-5S, *P<0.05. (B) Degradation rate of CSC/SBA-15 compared to CSC and CSC-5S, *P<0.05; compared to CSC-10S, #P<0.05.Abbreviations: CSC, calcium sulfate cement; SBA-15, silica-based mesoporous material.

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