Figures & data
Figure 1 Standard endotracheal tubes were coated with a passivating layer of colloidal silica and served as controls. Five types of coatings were applied over a silica layer; 1. solgel titanium dioxide without silver, 2. solgel titanium dioxide with silver, 3. Degussa titanium dioxide without silver, 4. Degussa titanium dioxide with silver and 5. silver only (not shown).
Table 1 Coating solutions with their respective titanium dioxide and silver treatments
Figure 2 Characterization of P. aeruginosa growth on polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tubes over a 144-hour period. Comparison of standard and silver only coated endotracheal tubes. There was less P. aeruginosa growth on silver-coated endotracheal tubes at 24 hours (P < 0.01), but more growth at 120 hours (P = 0.04) and 144 hours (P = 0.06) compared to standard endotracheal tubes.
Notes: Mean ± standard error of mean, *P < 0.05 compared to standard endotracheal tube. N = 4.
Abbreviation: CFU, colony-forming units.
Figure 3 Characterization of P. aeruginosa growth on polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tubes coated with titanium dioxide over 144 hour period. Comparison of standard, solgel titanium dioxide and Degussa titanium dioxide endotracheal tubes. P. aeruginosa growth was not statistically significant at all time points.
Notes: Mean ± standard error of mean, N = 4.
Abbreviation: CFU, colony-forming units.
Figure 4 Characterization of P. aeruginosa growth on polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tubes coated with titanium dioxide with silver over a 144-hour period. Comparison of standard, solgel titanium dioxide with silver, and Degussa titanium dioxide with silver endotracheal tubes. P. aeruginosa growth was inhibited significantly by solgel titanium dioxide with silver at 24 hours and by Degussa titanium dioxide with silver at 24 and 48 hours, respectively.
Notes: Mean ± standard error of mean; *P < 0.05 compared to standard endotracheal tube, # P < 0.05 compared to standard endotracheal tube. N = 4.
Abbreviation: CFU, colony-forming units.
Figure 5 Characterization of S. aureus growth on polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tubes coated with silver only over a 144-hour period. Comparison of standard and silver only coated endotracheal tubes. There was no difference in S. aureus growth between standard and silver coated endotracheal tubes at any time point over 144 hours compared with standard endotracheal tubes.
Note: N = 4.
Abbreviation: CFU, colony-forming units.
Figure 6 Characterization of S. aureus growth on polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tubes coated with titanium dioxide only over a 144-hour period. Comparison of standard, solgel titanium dioxide and Degussa titanium dioxide endotracheal tubes. There was no difference in S. aureus growth in the titanium dioxide-coated groups compared to standard endotracheal tubes at any time point.
Note: N = 4.
Abbreviation: CFU, colony-forming units.
Figure 7 Characterization of S. aureus growth on polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tubes coated with titanium dioxide with silver over a 144-hour period. Comparison of standard, solgel titanium dioxide with silver and Degussa titanium dioxide with silver endotracheal tubes. There was no difference in S. aureus growth in the titanium dioxide with silver-coated groups compared to standard endotracheal tubes except at 144 hours with solgel titanium dioxide with silver endotracheal tubes.
Note: N = 4.
Abbreviation: CFU, colony-forming units.
