Outcome results in children with IgA nephropathy: a single center experience

Figures & data

Table 1 The demographic and clinical features in 39 children with immunoglobulin A nephropathy

Features	n
Age at initial onset (year)	9.5 ± 3.75 (4–17)
Mean ± SD (range)
Sex
Male/female	29/10
High levels of serum IgA (n [%])	16 (41)
Recurrent macroscopic hematuria (n [%])	19 (48.7)
Hematuria ± proteinuria (n [%])	10 (25.6)
Nephritic syndrome (n [%])	6 (15.4)
Nephrotic syndrome (n [%])	4 (10.3)

Table 2 Outcome of patients given steroid treatment

Initial presentation		Treatment	Outcome*
Nephrotic syndrome (n = 4)	2 patients	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid + CA**	D
	1 patient	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	C
	1 patient	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	A
Nephritic syndrome (n = 3)	2 patients	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	B
	1 patient	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	A
Hematuria ± proteinuria (n = 2)	1 patient	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid + CA**	D
	1 patient	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	C
Recurrent macroscopic hematuria (n = 1)	1 patient	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	C

* Notes: Outcome: A, normal; B, minor urinary abnormalities; C, active renal disease; D, end-stage renal disease;

** cytotoxic agents (CA): cyclosporine-A, cyclophosphamide, azathiopurine.

Table 3 Clinical findings, biopsy findings, and outcome results of all patients

Initial clinical findings	Biopsy	Outcome*
		A	B	C	D
Recurrent macroscopic hematuria (n = 19)	Grade I	6	4	–	–
	Grade II	1	1	–	–
	Grade III	2	5	–	–
Hematuria ± proteinuria (n = 10)	Grade I	3	2	1	1
	Grade III	2	–	–	–
	Grade IV	–	1	–	–
Nephritic syndrome (n = 6)	Grade I	3	1	–	–
	Grade II	–	1	1	–
Nephrotic syndrome (n = 4)	Grade I	1	–	–	–
	Grade III	–	–	1	1
	Grade IV	–	–	–	1

* Note: Outcome: A, normal; B, minor urinary abnormalities; C, active renal disease; D, end-stage renal disease.

Table 4 Patients with elevated serum creatinine and hypertension at onset

	Initial presentation		Biopsy	Therapy	Outcome*
Elevated serum creatinine	Recurrent macroscopic hematuria	Patient 1	Grade III	ACEIs + fish oil	B
		Patient 2	Grade III	ACEIs + fish oil	A
		Patient 3	Grade III	ACEIs + fish oil	A
Hypertension	Recurrent macroscopic hematuria	Patient 1	Grade I	ACEIs + fish oil	A
		Patient 2	Grade I	ACEIs + fish oil	B
	Microscopic hematuria ± proteinuria	Patient 1	Grade IV	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid	C
		Patient 2	Grade I	ACEIs + fish oil + steroid + CA**	D

* Notes: Outcome: A, normal; B, minor urinary abnormalities; C, active renal disease; D, end-stage renal disease;

** cytotoxic agents (CA): cyclosporine-A, cyclophosphamide, azathiopurine.

Abbreviation: ACEIs, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.