Sleep quality, depression, and quality of life in elderly hemodialysis patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of elderly hemodialysis patients (n = 63)

Parameter	Statistic
Age (years)*	70.5 ± 4.7
Gender (M/F)	31/32
Presence of DM [n (%)]	19 (30%)
Presence of hypertension [n (%)]	21 (33%)
Smoking [n (%)]	5 (8%)
Employed [n (%)]	9 (14%)
Dialysis vintage (months)*	48.3 ± 35
BMI (kg/m^2)*	23.9 ± 3.8
SBP (mmHg)*	129 ± 20
DBP (mmHg)*	74 ± 10
Serum albumin (g/dL)*	4.0 ± 0.4
Hemoglobin (g/dL)*	10.9 ± 1.2
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)*	182 ± 51
Triglycerides (mg/dL)*	172 ± 113
Calcium (mg/dL)*	8.9 ± 0.7
Phosphorus (mg/dL)*	4.5 ± 1.2
PTH (pg/mL)*	254 ± 240
Kt/V*	1.29 ± 0.2

Note:

* Data presented as mean plus or minus standard deviation.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; F, female; M, male; PTH, parathormon; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

Table 2 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of good versus poor sleepers

Parameter	Good sleepers (PSI-4 score < 4) (n = 18)	Poor sleepers (PSI-4 score ≥ 4) (n = 45)	P-value
Age (years)*	70.4 ± 5.0	70.6 ± 4.6	0.87
Female [n (%)]	8 (44%)	24 (53%)	0.58
Presence of DM [n (%)]	2 (11%)	17 (38%)	0.03
Presence of hypertension [n (%)]	9 (50%)	12 (27)	0.69
Presence of depression (BDI score ≥ 17) [n (%)]	1 (6%)	15 (33%)	0.02
Smoker [n (%)]	2 (11%)	3 (7%)	0.49
Employed [n (%)]	2 (11%)	7 (16%)	0.49
Dialysis vintage (months)*	59.7 ± 45.8	43.8 ± 29.1	0.18
BMI (kg/m^2)*	23.7 ± 3.7	24.0 ± 3.7	0.81
SBP (mmHg)*	132 ± 21	127 ± 19	0.44
DBP (mmHg)*	76 ± 11	73 ± 10	0.41
Serum albumin (g/dL)*	4.0 ± 0.4	4.1 ± 0.4	0.69
Hemoglobin (g/dL)*	10.1 ± 1.2	10.8 ± 1.1	0.32
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)*	171 ± 43	187 ± 54	0.28
Triglycerides (mg/dL)*	185 ± 186	167 ± 64	0.36
Calcium (mg/dL)*	8.8 ± 0.7	9.0 ± 0.7	0.35
Phosphorus (mg/dL)*	4.1 ± 1.2	4.7 ± 1.1	0.05
Kt/V*	1.33 ± 0.2	1.27 ± 0.2	0.32
Total BDI score*	10.4 ± 5.3	15.1 ± 8.9	0.03
PCS score*	56.9 ± 21.8	43.5 ± 22	0.04
MCS score*	66.7 ± 20.5	56 ± 23	0.06

Note:

* Data presented as mean plus or minus standard deviation.

Abbreviations: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; MCS, Mental Component Scale; PCS, Physical Component Scale; PSI-4 score, Post-Sleep Inventory total sleep score; SBP, systolic blood pressure.

Figure 1 The correlation between Physical Component Scale (PCS) score and Post-Sleep Inventory total sleep score (PSI-4 score).

Figure 2 The correlation between Mental Component Scale (MCS) score and Post-Sleep Inventory total sleep score (PSI-4 score).

Figure 3 The correlation between Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score and Post-Sleep Inventory total sleep score (PSI-4 score).

Table 3 Multiple linear regression models of independent variables of Post-Sleep Inventory total sleep score

Variable	Beta value	P-value	95% CI
BDI score	0.350	<0.001	0.086–0.193
MCS score	−0.291	<0.001	−0.068 to −0.025
Age	0.114	0.035	0.002–0.0051

Abbreviations: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; CI, confidence interval; MCS, Mental Component Scale.

Table 4 Dimensions of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among good and poor sleepers

Dimension of HRQoL	Good sleepers (PSI-4 score < 4)*	Poor sleepers (PSI-4 score ≥ 4)*	P-value
Mental health	73.5 ± 15.6	61.7 ± 21.2	<0.001
General health status	56.5 ± 23.2	41.8 ± 23.2	<0.001
Vitality	69.5 ± 19.4	54.7 ± 21.6	<0.001
Social functioning	90.5 ± 17.8	76.4 ± 28.4	<0.001
Physical role functioning	58.2 ± 46.4	42.9 ± 47.4	0.015
Emotional role functioning	63.7 ± 42	45.5 ± 44	0.002
Bodily pain	77.9 ± 26.5	69.6 ± 28.5	0.024
Physical functioning	64.2 ± 30.2	53.1 ± 32.7	0.01

Note:

* Data presented as mean plus or minus standard deviation.

Abbreviation: PSI-4 score, Post-Sleep Inventory total sleep score.