Kinetics of Plasma Cytokines During Two Different Modalities of Extracorporeal Blood Purification in the Critically Ill Covid 19 Patients: A Cohort Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics in AKI-Related to COVID Patients Admitted in ICU According to Renal Acute Support Modality

Variables	General (n=20)	CVVVHDF (n=10)	Prolonged iHD (n=10)	p-value
Male sex (%)	12 (60)	6 (60)	6 (60)	1
Age (years)	59.2 ± 13.8	60.2 ± 13.3	57.8 ± 13.9	0.62
Arterial hypertension (%)	9 (45)	4 (40)	5 (50)	0.45
Diabetes mellitus (%)	10 (50)	6 (60)	4 (40)	0.36
Obesity (%)	11 (55)	6 (60)	5 (50)	0.81
ATN-ISS	0.65 ± 0.13	0.68 ± 0.13	0.61 ± 0.14	0.36
APACHE II	22.1 ± 8.1	23.5 ± 8.2	20.2 ± 8.1	0.19
SOFA	10.1 ± 1.1	11.5 ± 1.2	9.9 ± 1.1	0.23
Mechanical ventilation (%)	20 (100)	10 (100)	100 (100)	1
Noradrenaline use (%)	13 (65)	6 (60)	7 (70)	0.43
Death (%)	15 (75)	7 (60)	8 (80)	0.21
Plasma IL at T0 (pg/mL)
IL-4	33 (15–84)	35 (15–84)	20 (15–54)	0.21
IL-2	6.8 (2.7–11)	9.8 (7.7–12)	3.3 (1.5–5.7)	0.008
IL-6	139.1 (108.1–269.0)	129.1 (101.1–269.0)	147.4 (112.1–269.8)	0.9
IL-8	59.1 (20.1–101.0)	71.1 (30–139.0)	29.1 (17–69.0)	0.005
IL-10	35.1 (21.1–69.0)	41.1 (31–108.0)	29.1 (14–49.0)	0.07
IL-17A	10.1 (5.1–19.0)	10.9 (5.4–17.0)	9.8 (4.1–20.0)	0.88
TNF	14.1 (10.1–69.0)	16.1 (11.1–64.0)	13.1 (9.1–63.0)	0.72
IFN	35.1 (20.1–88.0)	37.1 (22.1–86.0)	34.1 (19.1–84.0)	0.73
MCP-1	408.9 (240.1–819.4)	428.9 (340.1–649.4)	398.9 (180.1–1049.4)	0.91
IP-10	619.8 (487.7–1412)	489.8 (447.7–1212)	689.3 (529.5–155.7)	0.82
IL-12p70	14.1 (9.1–29.0)	17.1 (8.1–24.0)	10.1 (7.1–33.0)	0.21
Free active TGF-B1	64.1 (29.1–129.0)	68.1 (28.1–124.0)	61.1 (27.1–133.0)	0.41
IL-1b	13.1 (9.1–43.0)	12.1 (9.9–39.0)	13.4 (8.9–40.0)	0.73

Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; ICU, intensive care unit; ATN-ISS, Acute Tubular Necrosis – Individual Severity Score; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health disease Classification System II score; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score; T0, at initial dialysis session; IL, interleukin.

Table 2 Cytokines Removal During Prolonged iHD and CVVHDF

Cytokines Removal (%)	General (n=40 Sessions)	CVVHDF (n=20 Sessions)	Prolonged iHD (n=20 Sessions)	p-value
IL-4	43 (11–74)	47 (19.5–81)	40 (2.5–62)	0.41
IL-2	6.1 (2.1–9.4)	7 (3.3.-9)	2.8 (1.5–6.7)	0.008
IL-6	23 (11–50.2)	32 (19.5–44)	14 (2.1–51)	0.04
IL-8	63 (31–76.1)	76 (59.5–91)	44 (12.5–62)	0.018
IL-10	43 (11–74.4)	47 (19.5–81)	40 (2.5–62)	0.07
IL-17A	73 (37.2–84.9)	75 (41.5–88)	72 (32.5–92)	0.87
TNF	23 (11–5.44)	33 (19.5–61)	9 (5.5–32)	0.04
IFN	49 (11–74.1)	48 (9.5–81)	54 (21–72)	0.53
MCP-1	28 (11–54.6)	33 (19.5–61)	21 (2.5–32)	0.63
IP-10	31 (21–44.1)	48 (51.5–66.3)	12.5 (3.5–31.2)	0.05
IL-12p70	70.5 (31–84.2)	71 (29.5–88.1)	69 (32.5–82.9)	0.98
Free active TGF-B1	43 (1.11–74.7)	47 (19.5–81)	40 (2.5–62)	0.41
IL-1b	13 (8.5–19.2)	15 (9.2–2.61)	12 (8.5–16.2)	0.89

Abbreviations: iHD, intermittent hemodialysis; CVVHDF, continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration.

Figure 1 Variations of cytokine levels during and 24h after end of CRRT.

Abbreviations: T0, start of dialysis; TF, end of dialysis.

Figure 2 Variations of cytokine levels during and 24h after end of prolonged iHD.

Abbreviations: T0, start of dialysis; TF, end of dialysis.