Effect of zinc supplementation on body mass index and serum levels of zinc and leptin in pediatric hemodialysis patients

Figures & data

Figure 1 Box plot comparing serum zinc levels before and after zinc supplementation in the supplemented group.

Table 1 Mean ± SD of serum zinc, serum leptin, body weight, and BMI in both the studied groups

	Group I			Group II
	Supplemented group (n =40)			Control group (n=20)
	Before	After	P-value	Before	After	P-value
Zn (µg/dL)	53.2±8.15	90.75±12.2	<0.001	55.45±9.1	55.35±9.15	0.17
Leptin (ng/mL)	8.03±4.6	6.34±4.3	0.041	8.9±6	8.6±6	0.51
Body weight (kg)	34.0±16.07	35.1±16.6	<0.001	38±19.52	37.97±19.52	0.65
BMI (kg/m^2)	18.7±5.8	19.02±6.0	<0.001	19.91±6.08	19.95±6.13	0.96

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index.

Table 2 Correlation between serum zinc level and the studied variables after intervention in the study group

Variable	Serum zinc (µg/dL)
	ρ	P
Age (years)	−0.225	0.16
Height (cm)	0.156	0.34
Weight (kg)	0.511	0.011*
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.490	0.021*
Serum leptin (ng/mL)	−0.454	0.03*
Duration of dialysis	−0.450	0.04*

Note:

* P<0.05.

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.

Table 3 Mean ± SD of serum zinc, serum leptin, and body mass index in males and females in group I (supplemented group)

	Male (n=19)		Female (n=21)
	Before	After	Before	After
Zn (µg/dL)	54±8.25	92.9±10.5	53.98±8.26	88.76±13.54
Leptin (ng/mL)	7.04±4.6	5.86±4.3	8.92±6.9	6.78±6
BMI (kg/m^2)	20.29±7.04	21.52±7.29	17.32±4.08	17.67±4.19

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index.

Table 4 Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis for factors affecting zinc level

Variables	R^2 (adjusted R^2) F2,37 and Pmodel b0	0.376 (0.342) 11.1 and <0.001 65.07
	β	P	95% CI of β
Leptin level	−0.261 0.498	<0.001	−0.399 to –0.123
BMI	−0.469 −0.334	0.014	−0.840 to –0.099

Notes:

Y = b₀+ b₁X₁ + b₂X₂; zinc level =65.07 − (0.261× leptin level) − (0.469× BMI).

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.