A randomized controlled trial of a videoconferencing smoking cessation intervention for Korean American women: preliminary findings

Figures & data

Figure 1 CONSORT diagram showing a flow of subjects in the study.

Abbreviation: CONSORT, CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials.

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the groups

Characteristic	Telephone (n=25) mean ± SD, N (%)	Video (n=24) mean ± SD, N (%)	P-value
Age (range =20–63 years)	44.9±11.7	45.3±12.8	0.80
Marital status			0.78
Married or living with partner	12 (48.0)	13 (54.2)
Single or divorced	13 (52.0)	11 (45.8)
Education			0.06
Elementary to high school	13 (52.0)	11 (45.8)
Some years in college	6 (24.0)	1 (4.2)
Baccalaureate or higher degree	6 (24.0)	12 (50.0)
Annual family income			0.58
<$40,000	9 (36.0)	11 (45.8)
$40,000–$79,999	4 (16.0)	5 (20.8)
>$80,000	12 (42.0)	8 (33.3)
Medical insurance			0.36
Yes	15 (60.0)	18 (75.0)
No	10 (40.0)	6 (25.0)
Employed			0.10
Yes	16 (64.0)	21 (87.5)
No	9 (36.0)	3 (12.5)
Acculturation (range =1.0–3.4)	1.9±0.5	1.8±0.5	0.57
Age at smoking onset (range =13–43)	22.6±5.6	23.5±7.1	0.99
Cigarettes per day (range =10–31)	17.2±6.4	15.2±4.4	0.28
Indoor house smoking			0.25
Yes	13 (52.0)	8 (33.3)
No	12 (48.0)	16 (66.4)
Indoor office smoking			1.00
Yes	2 (8.0)	1 (4.2)
No	23 (92.0)	23 (95.8)
24 hours abstinence in the past year			0.38
Yes	14 (64.0)	17 (66.7)
No	11 (36.0)	7 (33.3)
Presence of other smokers in the family			0.55
Yes	10 (40.0)	7 (29.2)
No	15 (60.0)	17 (70.8)
FTND score (range =2–9)	6.0±1.7	5.6±1.6	0.51
Autonomy over tobacco (range =21–48)	35.4±7.3	33.3±7.9	0.39
Alcohol use problems (range =0–28)	5.0±7.5	4.8±7.3	0.92
Depressive symptoms (range =0–49)	13.8±11.4	13.6±16.3	0.55
Perceived risks of quitting (range =1.9–6.6)	5.3±0.9	4.8±1.0	0.05
Perceived benefits of quitting (range =3.6–6.9)	5.8±0.8	6.0±0.8	0.35
Perceived family norm for quitting (range =1–6)	4.4±1.4	4.0±2.0	0.46
Perceived peer norm for quitting (range =−2–6)	2.6±2.4	2.5±2.6	0.98
Self-efficacy in quitting (range =10–44)	26.0±7.8	29.5±8.6	0.09

Abbreviations: FTND, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 2 Kaplan–Meier survival curve of days of abstinence between the two arms.

Note: Log-rank test χ² =0.13, P=0.72.

Table 2 Seven-day point-prevalence abstinence by intervention condition

Intervention condition	Post-quit 1 month (self-report)	Post-quit 2 months (self-report)	Post-quit 3 months (self-report)	Post-quit 3 months (salivary cotinine test)
Telephone arm	48.0%	52.0%	40.0%	28.0%
Video arm	66.7%	58.3%	41.7%	33.3%