Effect of ovarian endometrioma on uterine and ovarian blood flow in infertile women

Figures & data

Figure 1 Transvaginal ultrasonography of the endometrioma.

Figure 2 Virtual organ computer-aided analysis of the endometrium.

Figure 3 Virtual organ computer-aided analysis of the ovary (excluding endometrioma).

Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between women with and without endometrioma

Variable	Endometrioma group*	Control group*	P-value
Patients (n)	138	138
Age (years)	29.11±3.42 (28.02–30.21)	30.54±4.35 (29.15–31.93)	0.106
Parity (n)	0.91±0.74 (0.67–1.14)	1.12±0.77 (0.87–1.37)	0.217
Primary infertility (n)	93 (67.4%)	86 (62.3%)	0.814
Duration of infertility (years)	4.98±2.67 (4.12–5.83)	4.51±2.62 (3.67–5.34)	0.429
Menstrual cycle (days)	28.24±1.37 (27.8–28.68)	28.57±1.62 (28.06–29.09)	0.328
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.02±2.63 (25.18–26.86)	25.12±3.51 (24–26.24)	0.198

Note:

* Values given as mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval) or n (%).

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of endometrial and ovarian Doppler indices between women with and without endometrioma

Variable	Endometrioma group*	Control group*	P-value
Patients (n)	138	138
Endometrial thickness (mm)	10.64±3.48 (9.52–11.75)	11.02±3.27 (9.97–12.07)	0.616
Uterine artery PI	1.50±0.27 (1.41–1.58)	1.45±0.33 (1.35–1.56)	0.461
Uterine artery RI	0.81±0.11 (0.77–0.84)	0.79±0.08 (0.76–0.81)	0.355
Ovarian artery PI	1.58±0.42 (1.44–1.71)	1.6±0.4 (1.47–1.72)	0.828
Ovarian artery RI	0.86±0.3 (0.77–0.96)	0.85±0.11 (0.81–0.89)	0.844
Endometrial volume (cm^3)	3.47±1.42 (3.01–3.92)	3.79±2.19 (3.09–4.49)	0.44
Endometrial VI (%)	0.45±0.24 (0.38–0.53)	0.5±0.3 (0.4–0.59)	0.413
Endometrial FI (0–100)	28.14±9.38 (25.14–31.14)	28.95±7.4 (26.58–31.31)	0.669
Endometrial VFI (0–100)	0.33±0.47 (0.18–0.48)	0.35±0.23 (0.27–0.42)	0.81
Ovarian volume (cm^3)	9.27±3.26 (8.22–10.31)‡	9.04±5.16 (7.39–10.69)	0.812
Ovarian VI (%)	1.74±0.85 (1.47–2.01)‡	2.02±1.44 (1.56–2.48)	0.293
Ovarian FI (0–100)	33.15±8.36 (30.47–35.82)‡	34.67±7.32 (32.33–37.01)	0.39
Ovarian VFI (0–100)	0.91±0.36 (0.79–1.02)‡	0.99±0.32 (0.89–1.09)	0.297

Notes:

* Values given as mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval);

‡ excluding endometrioma.

Abbreviations: PI, pulsatility index; RI, resistance index; VI, vascularization index; FI, flow index; VFI, vascularization FI.

Table 3 Comparison of endometrial and ovarian Doppler indices according to endometrioma size

Variable	Endometrioma <40 mm*	Endometrioma ≥40 mm*	P-value
Patients (n)	76	62
Endometrial thickness (mm)	11.06±3.22 (9.63–12.49)	10.12±3.8 (8.56–11.67)	0.402
Uterine artery PI	1.44±0.26 (1.33–1.56)	1.56±0.27 (1.43–1.7)	0.162
Uterine artery RI	0.79±0.08 (0.75–0.82)	0.83±0.14 (0.76–0.9)	0.264
Ovarian artery PI	1.53±0.36 (1.37–1.69)	1.63±0.5 (1.38–1.88)	0.467
Ovarian artery RI	0.85±0.31 (0.71–0.99)	0.88±0.31 (0.73–1.03)	0.762
Endometrial volume (cm^3)	3.33±1.63 (2.61–4.06)	3.63±1.14 (3.06–4.2)	0.514
Endometrial VI (%)	0.5±0.22 (0.4–0.6)	0.4±0.26 (0.27–0.53)	0.195
Endometrial FI (0–100)	30.12±9.74 (25.8–34.44)	25.71±6.92 (22.27–29.15)	0.115
Endometrial VFI (0–100)	0.34±0.59 (0.08–0.6)	0.33±0.38 (0.14–0.52)	0.951
Ovarian volume (cm^3)‡	9.21±3.28 (7.75–10.66)	9.34±3.33 (7.68–10.99)	0.902
Ovarian VI (%)‡	1.7±0.89 (1.31–2.1)	1.79±0.82 (1.38–2.2)	0.744
Ovarian FI (0–100)‡	35.42±8.64 (31.59–39.25)	31.36±7.31 (27.72–35)	0.122
Ovarian VFI (0–100)‡	0.95±0.37 (0.79–1.12)	0.86±0.34 (0.68–1.03)	0.432

Notes:

* Values given as mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval);

‡ excluding endometrioma.

Abbreviations: PI, pulsatility index; RI, resistance index; VI, vascularization index; FI, flow index; VFI, vascularization FI.

Table 4 Comparison of ovarian Doppler indices between endometrioma-containing ovaries and contralateral ovaries

Variable	Ipsilateral ovary*	Contralateral ovary*	P-value
Patients (n)	138	138
Ovarian artery PI	1.7±0.43 (1.56–1.84)	1.56±0.32 (1.45–1.66)	0.103
Ovarian artery RI	0.9±0.24 (0.82–0.98)	0.89±0.30 (0.79–0.99)	0.870
Ovarian volume (cm^3)	9.7±4.1 (8.39–11.01)‡	8.81±4.49 (7.37–10.25)	0.357
Ovarian VI (%)	1.75±0.83 (1.49–2.01)‡	1.58±0.87 (1.31–1.86)	0.374
Ovarian FI (0–100)	33.88±8.66 (31.11–36.65)‡	31.71±8.14 (29.11–34.31)	0.252
Ovarian VFI (0–100)	0.90±0.42 (0.77–1.03)‡	0.98±0.37 (0.86–1.1)	0.369

Notes:

* Values given as mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval);

‡ excluding endometrioma.

Abbreviations: PI, pulsatility index; RI, resistance index; VI, vascularization index; FI, flow index; VFI, vascularization FI.