Screening for domestic violence in Jordan: validation of an Arabic version of a domestic violence against women questionnaire

Figures & data

Figure 1 Questions about abuse in the NORAQ.

Abbreviation: NORAQ, NorVold Domestic Abuse Questionaire. Data from Swahnberg and Wijma^13,15

Table 1 Variance explained by three factors on the Arabic NORAQ (N = 171)

Factor	Eigenvalue	% of variance	Cumulative %
Emotional abuse	2.80	28.0	28.0
Physical abuse	2.16	21.6	49.7
Sexual abuse	1.4	14.4	64.2

Abbreviation: NORAQ, NorVold Domestic Abuse Questionnaire.

Table 2 Factor loadings and factor structures for the Arabic NORAQ (N = 171)

Abuse question	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3
Mild sexual abuse; no genital contact	0.89
Mild sexual abuse; sexual humiliation	0.78
Moderate sexual abuse; genital contact	0.76
Mild emotional abuse	−0.41
Severe physical abuse		0.78
Moderate physical abuse		0.69	−0.46
Severe sexual abuse; penetration	0.56	0.62
Mild physical abuse	−0.51	0.54	−0.48
Moderate emotional abuse			0.79
Severe emotional abuse		0.46	0.50

Abbreviation: NORAQ, NorVold Domestic Abuse Questionnaire.

Table 3 Internal consistency of the Arabic-NORAQ and its subscales (N = 171)

Subscale	# of items	Alpha
Emotional abuse	3	0.77
Physical abuse	3	0.75
Sexual abuse	4	0.76
Total scale	10	0.75

Abbreviation: NORAQ, NorVold Domestic Abuse Questionnaire.

Figure 2 Abuse prevalence (N = 174).

Figure 3 Abuse prevalence (N = 174).

Table 4 Correlation of abuse by mental health variables (N = 173)

	Anguish feelings	Depression feelings	Insomnia	Numbed feelings
Emotional abuse	0.43**	0.41**	0.45**	0.40**
Physical abuse	0.32**	0.36**	0.37**	0.23**
Sexual abuse	–	0.16*	–	–
Overall abuse	0.39**	0.42**	0.43**	0.34**

Notes:

* P < 0.01;

** P < 0.001.

SwahnbergKWijmaBThe NorVold Abuse Questionnaire: validation of new measures of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and abuse in the health care system among womenEur J Public Health20031336136614703325

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WijmaBScheiBSwahnbergKEmotional, physical, and sexual abuse in patients visiting gynaecology clinics: a Nordic cross-sectional studyThe Lancet200336121072113

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