Fetal gender ratio in recurrent miscarriages

Figures & data

Figure 1 Male to female ratio in recurrent miscarriages (n = 313) by gestational age.

Table 1 Reasons for miscarriage in normal karyotypes and abnormal karyotypes identified in products of conception in 313 recurrent abortions

	All population	Females	Males	P
Idiopathic miscarriage	49% (152/313)	57% (113/199)	34% (39/114)	<0.05
4–10 weeks	44% (74/168)	55% (62/113)	22% (12/55)	<0.05
11–15 weeks	42% (38/90)	49% (25/51)	33% (13/39)	0.135
16–22 weeks	72% (34/47)	71% (20/28)	74% (14/19)	0.865
Other maternal pathologies	2% (6/313)	2% (4/199)	2% (2/114)	0.874
4–10 weeks	2% (3/168)	3% (3/113)	0% (0/55)	0.223
11–15 weeks	1% (1/90)	0% (0/51)	3% (1/39)	0.250
16–22 weeks	4% (2/47)	4% (1/28)	5% (1/19)	0.778
Infection/cervical incontinence/PROM	2% (5/313)	1% (2/199)	3% (3/114)	0.269
4–10 weeks	NA	NA	NA
11–15 weeks	1% (1/90)	0% (0/51)	3% (1/39)	0.250
16–22 weeks	9% (4/47)	7% (2/28)	11% (2/19)	0.683
Trisomies	27% (84/313)	21% (41/199)	38% (43/114)	<0.05
4–10 weeks	36% (60/168)	26% (29/113)	56% (31/55)	<0.05
11–15 weeks	24% (22/90)	22% (11/51)	28% (11/39)	0.468
16–22 weeks	NA	NA	NA
Monosomy X	3% (8/313)	4% (7/199)	1% (1/114)	0.154
4–10 weeks	2% (3/168)	3% (3/113)	0% (0/55)	0.223
11–15 weeks	4% (4/90)	6% (3/51)	3% (1/39)	0.449
16–22 weeks	2% (1/47)	4% (1/28)	0% (0/19)	0.405
Triploidy	7% (21/313)	5% (9/199)	11% (12/114)	<0.05
4–10 weeks	7% (12/168)	5% (6/113)	11% (6/55)	0.186
11–15 weeks	9% (8/90)	6% (3/51)	13% (5/39)	0.252
16–22 weeks	2% (1/47)	0% (0/28)	5% (1/19)	0.220
Tetraploidy	1% (4/313)	2% (3/199)	1% (1/114)	0.633
4–10 weeks	1% (2/168)	2% (2/113)	0% (0/55)	0.321
11–15 weeks	2% (2/90)	2% (1/51)	3% (1/39)	0.847
16–22 weeks	NA	NA	NA
Separate rearrangements*	5% (17/313)	5% (10/199)	6% (7/114)	0.675
4–10 weeks	7% (12/168)	6% (7/113)	9% (5/55)	0.494
11–15 weeks	2% (2/90)	2% (1/51)	3% (1/39)	0.847
16–22 weeks	6% (3/47)	7.14% (2/28)	5% (1/19)	0.796
Fetal malformation	5% (16/313)	5% (10/199)	5% (6/114)	0.927
4–10 weeks	1% (2/168)	1% (1/113)	2% (1/55)	0.601
11–15 weeks	13% (12/90)	14% (7/51)	13% (5/39)	0.900
16–22 weeks	4% (2/47)	7% (2/28)	0% (0/19)	0.234

Notes:

* Separate rearrangements: 46, XX, −1, +der(1),t(1;18); 46, XX, −12, +der(12),t(11;12); 46, XX, der(4),t(4;8)mat; 46, XY, −5, +der(5),t(5:7); 46, XX, var(15p+),var(15p+) PCD.

Abbreviations: PROM, premature rupture of membranes; NA, not available.

Figure 2 Trisomic distribution in male and female products of conception.

Table 2 Gender distribution of live births at our clinic between 2001 and 2008

Year	Female	Male	P
2001	47% (820/1730)	53% (910/1730)	0.423
2002	50% (894/1804)	50% (910/1804)	0.254
2003	46% (848/1833)	54% (985/1833)	0.061
2004	49% (868/1773)	51% (905/1773)	0.556
2005	49% (901/1840)	51% (939/1840)	0.541
2006	49% (875/1793)	51% (918/1793)	0.651
2007	49% (880/1796)	51% (916/1796)	0.528
2008	47% (854/1799)	53% (945/1799)	0.451