Incidence and Predictors of Pre-Eclampsia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia: Prospective Cohort Study

Figures & data

Table 1 The Characteristics of Pregnant Women

Characteristics	Frequency	Percentage
Age
15–24	62	25.62
25–34	144	59.50
≥35	36	14.88
Marital status
Single	15	6.20
Married	211	87.19
Divorced	8	3.31
Widowed	8	3.31
Having physical activity
Yes	72	29.34
No	170	70.66
Educational status
Can read and write	29	11.98
Primary	19	7.85
Secondary	51	21.07
College and above	143	59.09
Occupation
Merchant	29	11.99
Government	110	45.46
Private employee	19	7.85
Housewife	84	34.71
Experience of preterm
Yes	19	7.85
No	223	92.15
History of pre-eclampsia
Yes	15	6.20
No	227	93.80
Family history of pre-eclampsia
Yes	22	9.1
No	220	90.9
Experience of cesarean section
Yes	26	10.74
No	216	89.26
History of abortion
Yes	35	14.46
No	207	85.54
Experience of previous ANC follow-up
Yes	84	34.71
No	158	65.29
Experience of molar pregnancy
Yes	21	8.68
No	221	91.32
History of infertility
Yes	84	34.71
No	158	65.29
History of chronic hypertension
Yes	16	6.61
No	226	93.39
Family history of hypertension
Yes	25	10.33
No	217	89.67
Experience of diabetes mellitus
Yes	14	5.79
No	228	94.21
History of renal disease
Yes	21	8.67
No	221	91.33
Experience of anemia
Yes	135	55.79
No	107	44.21
Family history of diabetes mellitus
Yes	35	14.46
No	207	85.54

Figure 1 Pregnant women over their residence.

Figure 2 Pregnant women over their gravidity.

Figure 3 The overall survival status of pregnant women.

Figure 4 The incidence rate of pre-eclampsia over the number of pregnancies.

Figure 5 Incidence rate of pre-eclampsia over diabetic status of women.

Table 2 Multivariable Cox Regression Analysis

Variables	Last Status		CHR (95% CI)	AHR, (95% CI)	P-value
	Event	Censored
Having physical activity
No	44	126	1.0	1.0
Yes	22	50	1.26 (0. 38–2.89)	3.4 (3.3–7.42)	0.59
History of infertility
No	54	155	1.0	1.0
Yes	12	21	0.61 (0.34–1.12)	1.6 (0.6–3.9)	0.38
Having antenatal follow-up
No	38	120	1.0	1.0
Yes	28	56	0.65 (0.34–1.23)	0.34 (0.54–0.9)	0.20
Family history of pre-eclampsia
No	56	164	1.0	1.0
Yes	10	12	0.42 (0.25–1.36)	0.7 (0.42–2.85)	0.45
History of molar pregnancy
No	56	165	1.0	1.0
Yes	8	13	0.55 (0.21–1.34)	0.2 (0.37–0.99)	0.46
Family history of diabetes mellitus
No	51	156	1.0	1.0
Yes	15	20	0.45 (0.25–0.81)	1.2 (1.4–3.4)	0.36
Family history of hypertension
No	57	160	1.0	1.0
Yes	10	15	0.53 (0.22–1.25)	1.2 (1.5–7.95)	0.20
History of multiple pregnancy
No	58	166	1.0	1.0
Yes	6	10	0.68 (0.34–1.29)	3.4 (2.8–6.9)	0.003*
Pre-existing diabetes mellitus
No	55	166	1.0	1.0
Yes	6	10	1.36 (2.36–6.94)	2.7 (1.43–8.81)	0.01*
Age at current pregnancy
15–24	15	47	1.0	1.0
25–34	41	102	1.43 (0.78–2.63)	1.59 (0.9–2.8)	0.11
≥35	10	26	2.32 (1.3–5.34)	2.5 (1.42–3.54)	< 0.001*
History of abortion
No	53	154	1.0	1.0
Yes	13	22	0.58 (0.34–2.35)	1.6 (1.74–2.15)	0.73
Having antenatal follow-up
Yes	38	120	1.0	1.0
No	28	56	0.75 (0.46–1.23)	0.34 (0.89–1.98)	0.25

Note: *Used to show the presence of statistical association.