Utilization Rate and Factors Associated with Non-Utilization of Non-Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment in the Management of Obstetric Hemorrhage in Public Health Care Facilities of Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic presentation of sampling procedure for NASG utilization among the healthcare providers working in the public healthcare facilities in Mekelle city.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Healthcare Providers Working in Public Healthcare Facilities in Mekelle City, North Ethiopia, February 2018 (N= 338)

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage
Sex	Male	88	26
	Female	250	74
Age	Mean±SD	35.29±8.87
Professional category	Doctor	48	14.2
	BSc Nurse	143	42.3
	BSc Midwife	67	19.8
	Diploma Nurse	38	11.2
	Diploma midwife	23	6.8
	^aOther	19	5.6
Years of work experience (338)	Mean±SD	10.24±9.31

Note: ^aAnesthesia, emergency surgery health officer.

Figure 2 Utilization of NASG among healthcare providers working in public healthcare facilities in Mekelle city, North Ethiopia, February 2018 (n= 338).

Table 2 Unadjusted and Adjusted Analysis of Factors Associated with Non-Utilization of NASG Among the Healthcare Providers Working in Public Healthcare Facilities in Mekelle City, North Ethiopia, February 2018

Variables	NASG Utilization		COR [95% CI]	AOR [95% CI]
	Yes (%)	No (%)
Sex (n= 335)  Male  Female	69 (31.80) 148 (68.20)	19 (15.70) 102 (84.30)	1 [Ref.] 2.50 [1.42–4.41]**	1[Ref.] 2.21 [1.06–4.63]**
Age±SD (n=335)	34.17±8.28	37.30±9.56	1.04 [1.02–1.07] **	1.01 [0.95–1.07]
Professional category (n= 335)  Doctor  Degree Nurse  Degree Midwife  Diploma Nurse  Diploma Midwife  Other	39 (17.97) 66 (30.41) 62 (28.57) 19 (8.76) 20 (9.22) 11 (5.07)	9 (7.44) 77 (63.64) 5 (4.13) 19 (15.70) 3 (2.48) 8 (6.61)	1 [Ref.] 5.06 [2.28–11.21] *** 0.35 [0.11–1.12] 4.33 [1.65–11.37] ** 0.65 [0.16–2.67] 3.15 [0.98–10.09]	1[Ref.] 2.35 [0.84–6.57] 2.33 [0.69–7.83]
Years of work experience (n= 335)	9.31 ± 8.59	11.93± 10.33	1.03 [1.01–1.05]*	1.02 [0.96–1.08]
Heard of anti-shock garment (n=335)  Yes  No	201 (92.63) 16 (7.37)	111 (94.07) 7 (5.93)	1 [Ref.] 0.79 [0.32–1.98]
Use of NASG in previous works (n=334)  I do not know  To manage OH  To manage abortion	2 (0.93) 213 (98.61) 1 (0.46)	18 (15.25) 100 (84.75)	1 [Ref.] 0.05 [0.01–0.23] ***	1[Ref.] 0.10 [0.02–0.48]**
Clearly identified section of NASG (n=335)  No  Yes	178 (82.03) 39 (17.97)	101 (83.47) 20 (16.53)	1 [Ref.] 1.11 [0.0.61–2.00]
Having perceived skill to use the NASG in the facility (n=335)  Yes  No  I do not know	194 (90.65) 20 (9.35)	117 (96.69) 2 (1.65) 2 (1.65)	1 [Ref.] 0.17 [0.04–0.72]*	1[Ref.] 0.10 [0.01–0.79]**
Knowledge (n=335)  Poor  Good	31 (13.77) 193 (86.23)	15 (12.94) 99 (87.06)	1 [Ref.] 0.94 [0.65–1.78]
Attitude (n=335)  Unfavorable  Favorable	10 (4.61) 207 (95.39)	11 (9.09) 110 (90.91)	1 [Ref.] 2.07 [0.85–5.03]
Availability of other ways of treating OH (n=329)  Yes  No	55 (26.07) 156 (73.93)	36 (30.5) 82 (69.49)	1 [Ref.] 0.80 [0.49–1.32]
Practicing effective management of 3rd stage of labor (n=330)  Yes  No	96 (45.28) 116 (54.72)	43 (36.44) 75 (63.56)	1 [Ref.] 0.80 [0.49–1.32]
Lack of experience of work that can apply NASG (n=337)  Yes  No	167 (77.31) 49 (22.69)	92 (76.03) 29 (23.97)	1 [Ref.] 1.07 [0.63–1.82]
Having NASG at the facility (n=337)  Yes  No	214 (99.07) 2 (0.93)	117 (96.69) 4 (3.31)	1 [Ref.] 3.66 [0.66–20.27]
Availability of trained human power at the facility (n=333)  Yes  No	192 (89.72) 22 (10.28)	110 (92.44) 9 (7.56)	1 [Ref.] 0.7 [0.32–1.61]

Notes: *P-value≤0.05; **P-value≤0.01; ***P-value≤0.001; Multivariate goodness of fit, Hosmer–Lemeshow test (P-value=0.7845), which means the model was adequately fitted.