Knowledge and Attitude Towards the Current Pandemic Corona Virus Disease and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Debre Tabor General Hospital Northwest Ethiopia: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Pregnant Mothers’ Distribution by Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia, June, 2020 (N=399)

Characteristics	Value
Age, mean (SD), yr.	27.19 (4.72)
Ethnicity, n (%)
Amhara	390 (97.3)
Others*	9 (2.7)
Religion, n (%)
Orthodox	365 (91.4)
Muslim	27 (6.8)
Others**	7 (1.8)
Educational status, n (%)
No formal education	60 (15.0)
Primary	71 (17.8)
Secondary	72 (18.0)
College and above	196 (49.2)
Occupational status, n (%)
House wife	173 (43.4)
Civil servant	112 (18.1)
Private business	99 (24.7)
Others***	15 (3.8)
Marital status, n (%)
Married	392 (98.2)
Others	7 (1.8)
Husband educational status (N=392), n (%)
No formal education	42 (10.7)
Primary	36 (9.2)
Secondary	101 (25.8)
College and above	213 (54.3)
Husband occupational status (N=392), n (%)
Civil servant	217 (55.4)
Private business	132 (33.7)
Worked at private sector	29 (7.4)
Daily laborer	14 (3.5)

Note: *Oromo, Tigray, Gurage; **Protestant, catholic; ***Employed at private sector, student and job finder.

Table 2 Obstetric and Reproductive Health Characteristics of Pregnant Mothers in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia, June, 2020 (N=399)

Characteristics	Value, n (%)
Gravidity
Primi	149 (37.3)
Multi	250 (62.7)
Parity
Nulliparous	157 (39.3)
Primipara	81 (20.3)
Multipara	161 (40.4)
Number of children
≤3 children	279 (69.9)
>3 children	120 (30.1)
Condition of pregnancy
Unwanted	39 (9.8)
Wanted	325 (81.4)
Mistimed	35 (8.8)
History of abortion
Yes	28 (7.0)
No	371 (93.0)

Table 3 Knowledge of Pregnant Mothers Toward COVID-19 in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia, June, 2020 (N=399)

Knowledge Questions	Frequency	Percent (%)
Have you heard about COVID-19 outbreak?
Yes	399	100
No	0	0
COVID-19 is caused by virus?
Yes	256	64.2
No	143	35.8
Respiratory bubbles and near contact are the primary transmission route?
Yes	352	88.2
No	47	11.8
The incubation period of the disease is 2–14 days?
Yes	179	44.9
No	220	55.1
Largely the whole population are vulnerable for the pandemic?
Yes	198	49.6
No	201	50.4
Fever is a sign and symptom of corona virus disease?
Yes	291	72.9
No	108	27.1
Dry cough is a sign and symptom of corona virus disease?
Yes	229	57.4
No	170	42.6
Headache is a sign and symptom of corona virus disease?
Yes	83	20.8
No	316	79.2
Sore throat is a sign and symptom of corona virus disease?
Yes	67	16.8
No	332	83.2
Runny nose is a symptom of corona virus disease?
Yes	95	23.8
No	304	76.2
Difficulty of breathing is a symptom of corona virus disease?
Yes	90	22.6
No	309	77.4
Staying indoors and using face mask can prevent transmission of corona virus disease?
Yes	177	44.4
No	222	55.6
People with pre-existing disorders have weak prognostic result if infected with corona virus?
Yes	194	48.6
No	205	51.4
Without developing signs and symptoms, individuals with corona virus disease can spread the virus to others?
Yes	259	64.9
No	140	35.1
Pregnant women are at higher risk than others if infected with corona virus disease?
Yes	163	40.9
No	236	59.1

Table 4 Attitude of Pregnant Mothers Toward COVID-19 in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia, June, 2020 (N=399)

Attitude Questions	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)
COVID-19 is due to our sin	Agree	220	55.1
	Neural	24	6
	Disagree	155	38.9
COVID-19 attacks only white people	Agree	96	24.1
	Neutral	23	5.8
	Disagree	280	70.1
COVID-19 is caused by eating uncommon animals	Agree	128	32.1
	Neutral	45	11.3
	Disagree	236	56.6
COVID-19 is common only in cold climate	Agree	131	32.8
	Neutral	84	12.1
	Disagree	184	46.1
COVID-19 common only in old people	Agree	133	33.3
	Neutral	31	7.8
	Disagree	235	58.9
Taking preventive measures is not believing in God	Agree	72	18.1
	Neutral	8	2
	Disagree	319	79.9

Table 5 Bivariable and Multivariable Analysis of Factors Affecting Knowledge of Pregnant Women About COVID-19 in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia, June, 2020 (N=399)

Variables	Knowledge of COVID-19		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
	Good N (%)	Poor N (%)
Age in years
15–24	77 (62.1)	47 (37.9)	2.987 (1.493–5.98)	4.582 (1.721–12.201)	0.002*
25–34	114 (50.2)	113 (49.8)	1.84 (0.964–3.511)	1.251 (0.557–2.808)	0.587
≥35	17 (35.4)	31 (64.6)	1	1
Educational status
No formal education	12 (20.0)	48 (80.0)	1	1
Primary	25 (35.2)	46 (64.8)	2.174 (0.978–4.83)	2.087 (0.851–5.116)	0.108
Secondary	29 (40.3)	43 (59.7)	2.698 (1.226–5.936)	1.818 (0.763–4.335)	0.177
College and above	142 (72.4)	54 (27.6)	10.519 (5.19–21.30)	7.785 (2.313–15.65)	0.000*
Occupational status
House wife	77 (44.5)	96 (55.5)	1	1
Civil servant	72 (64.3)	40 (35.7)	2.244 (1.376–3.66)	2.269 (1.238–4.157)	0.008*
Private business	53 (53.5)	46 (46.5)	1.436 (0.875–2.359)	1.69 (0.892–3.204)	0.108
Others	6 (40.0)	9 (30.0)	0.534 (0.134–2.135)	0.381 (0.073–2.004)	0.255
Husband education
No formal education	10 (23.8)	32 (76.2)	1	1
Primary	17 (47.2)	19 (52.8)	3.863 (1.09–7.52)	0.921 (0.258–3.293)	0.899
Secondary	45 (44.6)	56 (55.4)	2.571 (1.142–5.788)	1.469 (0.522–4.134)	0.466
College and above	129 (60.6)	84 (39.4)	4.914 (2.295–10.52)	1.997 (0.753–5.301)	0.165
Husband occupation
Civil servant	128 (59.0)	88 (41.0)	3.596 (1.093–11.82)	2.581 (0.54–12.455)	0.966
Private business	55 (41.7)	77 (58.3)	1.786 (0.532–5.989)	0.712 (0.143–3.534)	0.678
Worked in private sector	14 (48.3)	15 (51.7)	2.333 (0.593–9.176)	1.909 (0.332–10.967)	0.469
Daily laborer	6 (42.8)	8 (57.2)	1	1
Gravidity
Primi	80 (53.7)	69 (46.3)	1	1
Multi	128 (51.2)	122 (48.8)	0.905 (0.603–1.359)	2.41 (1.279–4.54)	0.34
Parity
Nulliparous	88 (56.1)	69 (43.9)	1	1
Primipara	47 (58.0)	34 (42.0)	1.084 (0.63–1.864)	0.967 (0.391–2.39)	0.942
Multipara	73 (45.3)	88 (54.7)	0.65 (0.418–1.012)	0.904 (0.433–1.888)	0.788
Number of children
≤ 3	157 (56.3)	122 (43.7)	1	1
> 3	51 (42.5)	69 (57.5)	0.574 (0.373–0.885)	0.852 (0.48–1.511)	0.583
Condition of pregnancy
Unwanted	12 (30.8)	27 (69.2)	1	1
Wanted	188 (57.8)	137 (42.2)	3.088 (1.511–6.31)	4.559 (1.847–11.254)	0.001*
Mistimed	8 (22.9)	27 (77.1)	0.667 (0.235–1.889)	0.758 (0.205–2.801)	0.678

Note: *p-value < 0.05 considered as statistically significant.

Table 6 Bivariable and Multivariable Analysis of Factors Affecting Attitude Towards COVID-19; Debre Tabor General Hospital, Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia, June 05–26, 2020 (N=399)

	Attitude of COVID-19		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
	Positive N (%)	Negative N (%)
Age
15–24 years	68 (54.8)	56 (45.2)	3.269 (1.578–6.772)	2.193 (0.985–4.885)	0.055
25–34 years	129 (56.8)	98 (43.2)	3.544 (1.78–7.056)	2.614 (1.231–5.551)	0.012*
≥35 years	13 (27.1)	35 (72.9)	1	1
Educational status
No formal education	18 (30.0)	42 (70.0)	1	1
Primary	38 (53.5)	33 (46.5)	2.687 (1.304–5.535)	2.007 (0.894–4.505)	0.09
Secondary	38 (52.8)	34 (47.2)	2.608 (1.269–5.36)	1.909 (0.869–4.196)	0.107
College and above	116 (59.2)	80 (40.8)	3.383 (1.818–6.298)	1.78 (0.864–3.666)	0.118
Occupational status
House wife	82 (47.4)	91 (52.6)	1	1
Civil servant	68 (60.7)	44 (39.3)	1.715 (1.059–2.779)	1.185 (0.677–2.076)	0.553
Private business	51 (51.5)	48 (48.5)	1.179 (0.719–1.933)	0.984 (0.545–1.777)	0.958
Others	9 (60.0)	6 (40.0)	1.11 (0.31–3.972)	0.875 (0.209–3.655)	0.855
Husband educational status
No formal education	9 (21.4)	33 (78.6)	1	1
Primary	19 (52.8)	17 (47.2)	4.098 (1.529–10.98)	2.509 (0.885–7.114)	0.84
Secondary	46 (45.5)	55 (54.5)	3.067 (1.331–7.065)	2.752 (1.13–6.703)	0.026*
College and above	131 (61.5)	82 (38.5)	5.858 (2.666–12.86)	3.778 (1.629–8.767)	0.002*
Husband occupation
Civil servant	112 (51.6)	105 (48.4)	3.911 (1.062–14.41)	1.177 (0.257–5.389)	0.834
Private business	73 (55.3)	59 (44.7)	4.537 (1.21–17.015)	1.672 (0.361–7.75)	0.511
Employed in private sector	17 (58.6)	12 (41.4)	5.194 (1.188–22.70)	1.526 (0.282–8.269)	0.624
Daily laborer	11 (78.6)	3 (21.4)	1	1
Gravidity
Primigravida	85 (57.0)	64 (43.0)	1	1
Multigravida	125 (50.0)	125 (50.0)	0.753 (0.501–1.133)	0.881 (0.497–1.562)	0.665
Parity
Nulliparous	91 (58.0)	66 (42.0)	1	1
Primipara	48 (59.3)	33 (40.7)	1.055 (0.612–1.819)	1.164 (0.518–2.613)	0.713
Multipara	71 (44.1)	90 (55.9)	0.572 (0.367–0892)	0.993 (0.51–1.933)	0.983
Number of children
≤ 3 children	159 (57.0)	120 (43.0)	1	1
> 3children	51 (42.5)	69 (57.5)	0.558 (0.362–0.86)	0.644 (0.400–1.035)	0.069
Condition of pregnancy
Unwanted	13 (33.3)	26 (66.7)	1	1
Wanted	189 (59.2)	136 (41.8)	2.779 (1.378–5.604)	2.701 (1.221–5.976)	0.014*
Mistimed	8 (22.9)	27 (77.1)	0.593 (0.211–1.664)	0.913 (0.30–2.774)	0.872
Knowledge level
Good	131 (63.0)	77 (37)	2.41 (1.612–3.608)	1.651 (1.06–2.572)	0.027*
Poor	79 (41.4)	112 (58.6)	1	1

Note: *p-value < 0.05 considered as statistically significant.