Assessment of Postpartum Hemorrhage in a University Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Who Gave Birth in HFSUH, Ethiopia, 2020 (n =642)

Variable	Category	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Age	< 20 years	88	13.7
	20–34 years	466	72.6
	≥ 35years	88	13.7
Residence	Urban	363	56.5
	Rural	279	43.5
Gravidity	1	191	29.8
	2–4	295	46
	≥5	156	24.2
Parity	1	190	29.6
	2–4	384	59.8
	≥5	68	10.6
Gestational age	< 37 weeks	37	5.8
	37–41 weeks	571	88.9
	≥ 42 weeks	34	5.3
ANC follow up	Yes	492	76.6
	No	150	23.4
History of previous PPH	Yes	51	7.9
	No	591	92.1
History of previous CS	Yes	40	6.2
	No	602	93.8
Complications	Yes	207	32.2
	No	435	67.8
Onset of labor	Spontaneous	551	85.8
	Induced	91	14.2
Labor augmented (n = 551)	Yes	39	7.1
	No	512	92.9
Duration of labor	≥24 Hours	37	5.8
	<24 hours	599	94.2
Obstructed labor	Yes	28	4.4
	No	614	95.6
Mode of delivery	Vaginal	554	86.3
	C/S	88	13.7
Episiotomy (n = 554)	Yes	82	14.8
	No	472	85.2
Active third stage of labor management (n=554)	Yes	539	97.3
	No	15	2.7
Prolonged third stage labor (n=554)	Yes	29	5.2
	No	525	94.8
Received blood after delivery	Yes	43	6.7
	No	599	93.3

Abbreviations: PPH, postpartum hemorrhage; CS, cesarean section.

Figure 1 Distribution of complication in pregnancy and childbirth among mothers who gave birth at HFSUH, Eastern Ethiopia, 2020 (n = 642).

Table 2 Factors Associated with PPH Among Women Who Gave Birth in HFSUH, Eastern Ethiopia, 2020 (n =642)

Variable		PPH		cOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
		Yes (%)	No (%)
Residence	Urban	37 (10.2)	326 (89.8)	1.00	1.00
	Rural	46 (16.5)	233 (83.5)	1.74 (1.09,2.77)	0.95 (0.52,1.74)
History of PPH	Yes	23 (45.1)	28 (54.9)	7.27 (3.94,13.42)	4.18 (1.99,8.82) **
	No	60 (10.2)	531 (89.8)	1.00	1.00
ANC follow up	Yes	41 (8.3)	451 (91.7)	1.00	1.00
	No	42 (28.0)	108 (72.0)	4.27 (2.65,6.91)	3.65 (1.97,6.76) **
Gestational age	<37 weeks	3 (7.5)	37 (92.5)	0.49 (0.15,1.65)	0.77 (0.21,2.89)
	37–41 weeks	79 (14.0)	485 (86.0)	1.00	1.00
	≥42 weeks	1 (2.6)	37 (97.4)	0.17 (0.22,1.23)	0.22 (0.28,1.68)
Complication	Yes	22 (10.6)	185 (89.4)	0.73 (0.43,1.22)	0.69 (0.37,1.29)
	No	61 (14.0)	374 (86.0)	1.00	1.00
Age	<20 years	1 (1.1)	87 (98.9)	0.112 (0.015,0.83)	0.19 (0.23,1.72)
	20–34years	43 (9.3)	420 (90.7)	1.00	1.00
	≥35years	39 (42.9)	52 (57.1)	7.33 (4.35,12.32)	3.08 (1.56,6.07) **
Duration of labor	≥24 hour	9 (23.1)	30 (76.9)	2.12 (0.97,4.64)	2.22 (0.78,6.34)
	<24 hour	74 (12.4)	523 (87.6)	1.00	1.00
Gravidity	1	6 (3.6)	185 (96.4)	1.00	1.00
	2–4	33 (11.2)	262 (88.8)	3.88 (1.6,9.46)	2.37 (0.89,6.35)
	≥5	44 (28.2)	112 (71.8)	12.1 (5.001,29.3)	3.33 (1.14,9.74) *

Note: *p <0.05; **p =0.000.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; cOR, crude odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio.