A Cross-Sectional Study on Potential Ovarian Volume and Related Factors in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from Infertile Couples

Figures & data

Table 1 General Characteristics, Anthropometry, Hormonal Profiles and Ovarian Ultrasound Findings

Characteristics			PCOS (n=119)	Non – PCOS (n=273)	p
Age (yrs)			32.66 ± 4.10	33.99 ± 4.78	0.042
Menarche (yrs)			13.37 ± 0.92	13.74 ± 1.39	0.002
Duration of infertility (yrs)			4.27 ± 2.46	4.09 ± 2.80	0.010
Type of infertility		Primary	90 (75.6)	177 (64.8)	0.045
		Secondary	29 (24.4)	96 (35.2)
BMI (kg/m^2)			21.31 ± 2.80	20.82 ± 2.56	<0.001
mFG score			0.55 ± 1.09	0.14 ± 0.46	<0.001
WHR			0.82 ± 0.06	0.83 ± 0.07	0.762
FSH (mIU/mL)			6.07 ± 1.46	7.41 ± 3.49	<0.001
LH (mIU/mL)			9.37 ± 5.31	6.23 ± 3.43	<0.001
LH/FSH			1.57 ± 0.85	0.95 ± 0.63	<0.001
E2 (pg/mL)			43.75 ± 26.55	40.22 ± 40.76	0.137
Prolactin (µIU/mL)			410.45 ± 243.46	432.26 ± 318.07	0.060
AMH (ng/mL)			7.35 ± 5.17	3.48 ± 3.17	<0.001
Ovarian volume (cm^3)	Right ovarian		8.18±3.73	6.69 ± 4.17	<0.001
	Left ovarian		6.78±3.40	6.46 ± 4.11	<0.001
	Mean volume		7.48±3.11	6.58 ± 3.69	<0.001

Notes: Data presented in Mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage).

Abbreviations: PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; yrs, year; BMI, body mass index; mFG, modified Ferriman Gallwey; WHR, weight hip ratio; FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; E2, estradiol; AMH, anti-Mullerian hormone.

Table 2 Comparison of General Characteristics, Anthropometry, Hormonal Profiles and Ovarian Ultrasound Findings Between PCOS Phenotypes

Characteristics	Phenotype A (HA+OD+PCO)	Phenotype B (HA+OD)	Phenotype C (HA+PCO)	Phenotype D (OD+PCO)	p
Prevalence	6 (5.04)	2 (1.68)	16 (13.45)	95 (79.83)
Age (yrs)	30.50 ± 2.43	37.00 ± 12.73	32.31 ± 4.14	32.77 ± 3.95	0.433
Menarche (yrs)	13.33 ± 0.52	13.50 ± 0.71	13.75 ± 1.39	13.31 ± 0.84	0.042
Duration of infertility (yrs)	4.00 ± 3.03	4.00 ± 2.83	2.94 ± 2.29	4.52 ± 2.41	0.017
BMI	21.48 ± 3.11	20.12 ± 0.83	20.55 ± 1.74	21.45 ± 2.95	0.694
mFG score	0.33 ± 0.52	0	2.06 ± 1.81	0.32 ± 0.70	<0.001
WHR	0.81 ± 0.05	0.77 ± 0.07	0.80 ± 0.06	0.82 ± 0.06	0.540
FSH (mIU/mL)	6.10 ± 1.05	6.44 ± 2.21	6.71 ± 2.05	5.95 ± 1.35	0.551
LH (mIU/mL)	11.75 ± 7.72	7.57 ± 4.62	10.75 ± 5.85	9.03 ± 5.07	0.539
E2 (pg/mL)	57.63 ± 41.37	67.14 ± 45.63	58.39 ± 30.29	39.92 ± 23.46	0.017
Prolactin (µIU/mL)	455.77 ± 245.09	419.25 ± 250.67	413.84 ± 178.74	406.83 ± 255.53	0.888
AMH (ng/mL)	7.35 ± 6.28	2.73 ± 0.89	7.94 ± 7.33	7.35 ± 4.73	0.264
Ovarian volume (cm^3)	7.48 ± 2.35	3.87 ± 1.38	7.15 ± 4.74	7.61 ± 2.82	0.059

Notes: Data presented in Mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage).

Abbreviations: PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; yrs, year; BMI, body mass index; mFG, modified Ferriman Gallwey; WHR, weight hip ratio; FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; E2, estradiol; AMH, anti-Mullerian hormone.

Table 3 Correlation Between Anthropometry, Hormonal Profiles and Ovarian Volume

Parameters	Right Ovarian Volume		Left Ovarian Volume		Mean Volume
	r	P value	r	P value	r	P value
Age (yrs)	−0.160	0.001	−0.162	0.001	−0.182	<0.001
BMI	0.123	0.015	0.048	0.343	0.098	0.054
mFG score	0.100	0.052	0.106	0.036	0.115	0.022
WHR	−0.019	0.705	−0.027	0.601	−0.026	0.612
FSH (mUI/mL)	−0.129	0.010	−0.087	0.084	−0.123	0.015
LH (mUI/mL)	0.193	<0.001	0.219	<0.001	0.233	<0.001
E2 (pg/mL)	−0.058	0.254	0.029	0.568	−0.017	0.731
Prolactin (µIU/mL)	−0.058	0.251	−0.019	0.713	−0.044	0.386
AMH (ng/mL)	0.281	<0.001	0.263	<0.001	0.307	<0.001

Abbreviations: PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; yrs, year; BMI, body mass index; mFG, modified Ferriman Gallwey; WHR, weight hip ratio; FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; E2, estradiol; AMH, anti-Mullerian hormone.

Table 4 Diagnostic Values of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Ovarian Volume for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Parameters	Threshold	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC, p
Mean of ovarian volume	4.575	0.924	0.333	0.613 (0.557–0.670) P < 0.001
	6.030	0.613	0.505
AMH (ng/mL)	4.195	0.731	0.707	0.787 (0.741–0.834) P < 0.001

Abbreviations: AUC, area under curve; AMH, anti-Mullerian hormone.

Figure 1 ROC curve of prediction PCOS by AMH (A) and by mean of ovarian volume (B). Diagonal segments are produced by ties.