Experiences from the Field: A Qualitative Study Exploring Barriers to Maternal and Child Health Service Utilization in IDP Settings Somalia

Figures & data

Table 1 Thematic Network Analysis Framework (According to Socio-Ecological Model)

Grouped Themes	Categories
Individual Level	Economic barriers: lower-level household income
	Lack of decision-making power of women
	TBA trust and Acceptance
	Lack of knowledge on danger signs and benefits of maternal health services
	Fear of going to an unfamiliar setting
Interpersonal Level	Cultural and Ritual Traditional beliefs
	Male Dominance in Decision Making
	Lack of family/husband support
Community Level	Exposure to armed conflicts- Security barriers
	Distance and Transportation barriers
Organizational	Lack of privacy/pregnancy secrecy at the facility
	Lack of logistic supplies and equipment/poorly functional services
	Previous negative experiences with health facilities
	Service Hours of Health Facilities
Policy level	Proper Referral pathways

Table 2 Basic Characteristics of Focus Group Discussion Participants

FGD Participants
FGD No.	Category	Affiliation/IDP	No of Participants
FGD-1	Health workers/CHWs	Deynile	12
FGD-2	Health workers/CHWs	MCH-Kahda	10
FGD-3	Health workers/CHWs	MCH-Dharkenlay	10
			32
FGD-4	IDP camp leaders/Men	All the 3 IDPs	8
			8
FGD-5	Pregnant/lactating women	Deynile	12
FGD-6	Pregnant/lactating women	Kahda	12
FGD-7	Pregnant/lactating women	Dharkenlay	8
			32
Total			72

Table 3 Basic Characteristics of the In-Depth Interview Participants

In-Depth Interview Participants
KI Code	Sex	Age in Years	Occupation	Affiliation
IDI-01	F	32	Reproductive Health Staff	Ministry of Health
IDI-02	M	34	Child Health Head	Ministry of Health
IDI-03	F	27	Health Officer	Save the Children
IDI-04	F	28	Health Coordinator	Save the Children
IDI-05	M	33	Reproductive Health	UNFPA
IDI-06	F	65	Head	Midwifery College
IDI-07	F	33	DSU-staff	Benadir Administration
IDI-08	M	31	Health Facility Manager	MCH-Dharkenlay
IDI-09	F	32	Health-Facility Nurse	MCH-Kahda
IDI-10	M	46	IDP camp leader	Deynile
IDI-11	M	42	IDP camp leader	Kahda
IDI-12	F	48	IDP camp leader	Dharkenlay
IDI-13	F	39	Community Health Worker	Deynile
IDI-14	F	32	Lactating Mother	Housewife
IDI-15	F	35	Pregnant woman	Housewife
IDI-16	F	48	Traditional Birth Attendant	TBA mother
IDI-17	M	48	Husband	Family-Head