Care Providers’ Perspectives on Disrespect and Abuse of Women During Facility-Based Childbirth in Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Sample Disrespect and Abuse Questions

No.	Questions
1.	If a woman was pinched or slapped by a health worker during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
2.	If a woman was yelled or shouted at by a health worker during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
3.	If a health worker was mean and refused to help a woman during her delivery, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
4.	If a health worker physically held a woman down during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
5.	If a health worker threatens a woman by unfavorable procedure like CS or referral or bad outcome for her or her baby during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
6.	If a health worker disallowed a woman to deliver in a position of her choice during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
7.	If a health worker performs a procedure without getting consent during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
8.	If a health worker forcefully opens a woman’s leg during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?
9.	If a health worker disallowed a woman birth companion during her childbirth, would this be acceptable? When would it be acceptable?

Table 2 Socio Demographic Characteristics of Study Participants

		Obstetrician n=1	General Practitioners n=3	Midwives/Nurse n=11
Age (years)	<30	0	0	3
	30–39	0	2	6
	40–49	1	1	2
	50+	0	0	0
Marital status	Married	1	3	11
	Single	0	0	0
Gender	Female	0	0	5
	Male	1	3	6
Years of experience	0–4	1	1	4
	5–9	0	2	4
	10–14	0	0	3
	15+	0	0	0
Facility type	Health centre	0	0	7
	Hospital	1	3	4
Facility location	Rural	0	1	5
	Semiurban	0	1	4
	Urban	1	1	2

Figure 1 Schematic presentation of the identified themes and subthemes.