Peripartum cardiomyopathy: a review

Figures & data

Table 1 PPCM diagnostic criteria

Development of heart failure in the last month of pregnancy or the first 5 months postpartum.^Citation1 Absence of a determinable etiology for cardiac failure.^Citation1 Absence of known heart disease prior to the last month of pregnancy.^Citation1 Left ventricular systolic dysfunction demonstrated by classic echocardiographic criteria such as depressed shortening fraction or ejection fraction.^Citation2

Abbreviation: PPCM, peripartum cardiomyopathy.

Table 2 Geographic incidence of PPCM

Country/area	Years studied	Incidence	Ethnicity of study cohort	Incidence by ethnicity	Author
Japan	2007–2008	1:20,000	Japanese 100%a	Japanese (1:20,000)	Kamiya et al^Citation9
United States	1995–2004	1:2066	White 41%, Hispanic 27%	AAb (1:664) Filipino (1:978) White (1:2450) Hispanic (1:6729)	Gunderson et al^Citation7
United States	1990–2002	1:3189	White 79%, AAb 16% Other 5%	Not stated	Mielniczuk et al^Citation5
United States	1996–2005	1:4025	AAb 28%, White 27%, Hispanic 20%, Asian 17%, Other 8%	AAb (1:1421) Asians (1:2675) Whites (1:4075) Hispanic (1:9861)	Brar et al^Citation6
United States Augusta, GA	2003–2008	1:540	AAb 93% Other 7%	AAb (1:294) Other (1:4167)	Gentry et al^Citation22
South Africa	1986–1989	1:1000	“Black African” 99% Asian 1%	Not stated	Desai et al^Citation11
Sudan	1975–1979	1:662	Not stated	Not stated	Suliman^Citation48
Haiti	2000–2005	1:300	c	Not stated	Fett et al^Citation10
Nigeria	2003–2005	1:100	Hausa and Fulani ethnic groups 85%	Not stated	Isezuo and Abubakar^Citation49

Notes:

a Kamiya CA, personal communication, April 22, 2012;

b non-Hispanic AA;

c authors report study population consisted of “an ethnic population overwhelmingly descended from West African slaves.”¹⁰

Abbreviations: PPCM, peripartum cardiomyopathy; AA, African American.

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