Magnitude and Factors Associated with Teenage Pregnancy in Somaliland: Evidence from Somaliland Health and Demographic Survey, 2020

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Study Population, Somaliland, 2020

Variables	Category	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Age group (years)	15−24	738	19.5
	25–34	1627	43.0
	35 and above	1420	37.5
Residence	Nomadic	1385	36.6
	Rural	1282	33.9
	Urban	1118	29.5
Region	Sanaag	875	23.1
	Sool	782	20.7
	Togdheer	687	18.2
	Sahil	491	13.0
	Awdal	487	12.9
	Marodijeh	463	12.2
Educational attainment	No formal education	3163	83.6
	Primary education	477	12.6
	Secondary education	98	2.6
	Tertiary education	47	1.2
Marital status	Married	3414	90.2
	Divorced	221	5.8
	Widowed	150	4.0
Wealth quintile	Lowest	1330	35.2
	Second	625	16.5
	Middle	437	11.5
	Fourth	626	16.5
	Highest	767	20.3
Listen to radio	At least once a week	143	3.8
	Less than once a week	49	1.3
	Not at all	3593	94.9
Watching Television	At least once a week	392	10.4
	Less than once a week	89	2.4
	Not at all	3304	87.2
Owns Mobile Telephone	Yes	2827	74.7
	No	958	25.3
Has bank account	Yes	80	2.1
	No	3705	97.9
Ever used internet	Yes	258	6.8
	No	3527	93.2

Table 2 Reproductive History of the Study Participants, Somaliland, 2020

Variables	Category	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Age at first marriage (in years)	< 20	1787	47.2
	20 to 24	1387	36.6
	25 to 30	522	13.8
	31 and above	89	2.4
Current pregnancy (556)	Wanted	471	84.7
	Unwanted	85	15.3
Ever used contraceptive method	Yes	37	0.8
	No	3718	98.2
Intention for contraceptive use (2771)	Intended	312	11.2
	Not intended	2459	88.7
Heard about FP on radio	Yes	473	12.5
	No	3309	87.5
Heard about FP on TV	Yes	510	13.5
	No	3272	86.4
Health professionals talked about FP	Yes	672	17.8
	No	3108	82.1
Humiliated by husband (n= 2670)	Yes	119	4.5
	No	2551	95.5

Figure 1 Magnitude of teenage pregnancy in Somaliland, 2020.

Table 3 Bivariable and Multivariable Binary Logistic Regression Analysis on Associated Factors of Teenage Pregnancy in Somaliland, 2020

Variables	Categories	COR (95%CI)	P-value	AOR (95%CI)	P-value
Region	Marodijeh	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
	Awadal	1.26 (0.97–1.64)	0.080	1.28 (0.98–1.67)	0.068
	Sahil	1.58 (1.23–2.05)	<0.001	1.61 (1.24–2.09)	<0.001*
	Togdheer	1.53 (1.21–1.95)	<0.001	1.46 (1.15–1.87)	0.002*
	Sool	2.03 (1.61–2.57)	<0.001	1.88 (1.48–2.38)	<0.001*
	Sanaag	2.00 (1.59–2.52)	<0.001	1.95 (1.54–2.46)	<0.001*
Residence	Urban	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
	Rural	1.09 (0.93–1.28)	0.27	0.99 (0.82–1.19)	0.930
	Nomadic	1.39 (1.19–1.63)	<0.001	1.26 (1.12–1.71)	0.025*
Educational level	No formal education	2.94 (1.49–5.81)	0.002	1.88 (0.89–3.98)	0.98
	Primary school	3.02 (1.50–6.08)	0.002	2.29 (1.08–4.83)	0.029*
	Secondary school	3.27 (1.49–7.16)	0.003	2.85 (1.28–6.35)	0.010*
	Tertiary school	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Wealth quintiles	Lowest	1.49 (1.25–1.79)	<0.001	1.34 (1.01–1.77)	0.039*
	Second	1.43 (1.15–1.77)	0.001	1.25 (0.96–1.64)	0.094
	Middle	1.34 (1.06–1.70)	0.014	1.24 (0.96–1.62)	0.100
	Fourth	1.32 (1.06–1.63)	0.01	1.17 (0.93–1.47)	0.178
	Highest	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Marital status	Married	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
	Divorced	1.26 (0.96–1.66)	0.088	1.38 (1.04–1.83)	0.024*
	Widowed	1.34 (0.97–1.87)	0.075	1.37 (0.98–1.92)	0.063
Use internet	Yes	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
	No	1.28 (0.99–1.66)	0.056	1.06 (0.77–1.47)	0.710
Heard FP on radio	Yes	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
	No	1.23 (1.01–1.49)	0.037	1.03 (0.83–1.27)	0.788
Heard FP on TV	Yes	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
	No	1.40 (1.16–1.69)	<0.001	1.06 (0.833–1.35)	0.635

Note: *significant association.

Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; FP, family planning; TV, television; ref, reference group.