“If You Need a Psychiatrist, It’s BAD”: Stigma Associated with Seeking Mental Health Care Among Obstetric Providers in Ghana

Figures & data

Figure 1 Location and participant make-up of each focus group. *Note that one participant in focus group 5 had incomplete demographic documentation, so could not be categorized as an OBGYN physician or midwife. Red stars denote the location of the two study site cities. Red star with a surrounding circle denotes the capital city of Ghana. Text in red denotes the names of the study site cities.

Abbreviations: KATH, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital; FG, focus group; KBTH, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital.

Table 1 Participant Demographics of Focus Groups (N=52)

Demographic Factor	n (%) or Mean (95% CI)
Location of Focus Group
Accra, Ghana	17 (32.1)
Kumasi, Ghana	35 (67.9)
Clinical Role
OBGYN physician^a	20 (38.5)
Midwife^b	32 (61.5)
Years in Practice
0–5	9 (17.3)
6–10	19 (36.5)
11–15	16 (30.8)
>15	8 (15.4)
Sex
Male	16 (30.8)
Female	36 (69.2)
Mean Age, years
Overall	36.0 (34.1, 37.9)
OBGYN physicians	37.1 (34.1, 40.1)
Midwives	35.3 (32.9, 37.8)

Notes: ^aIn increasing order of rank, OBGYN physicians include 5 residents in training, 8 specialists, 3 senior specialists, 3 consultants, and 1 with rank missing. ^bIn increasing order of rank, midwives include 1 midwife in training, 7 staff midwives, 8 senior staff midwives, 4 midwifery officers, 2 principal midwifery officers, 7 senior midwifery officers, and 3 with rank missing.

Figure 2 Organizing thematic framework of societal-level and provider-level stigma.

Data Sharing Statement

Data for this study consist of qualitative interview transcripts, which could be identifying if made public in full. Thus, data will not be shared.