Values of Caprini Risk Assessment Scale and D-Dimer for Predicting Venous Thromboembolism During Puerperium

Figures & data

Table 1 Univariate Analysis Results Between the Case Group with Control Group

Variables	Case Group (n=31)	Control Group (n=279)	χ^2/Z/t	P
BMI before delivery(Kg/m^2, mean±SD)	26.82±2.94	26.59±3.02	0.649	0.514
Gestational age at delivery(weeks, mean±SD)	37.78±1.92	38.06±2.17	−1.178	0.248
Fetal birth weight(g, mean±SD)	3084.53±551.76	3198.64±567.38	−1.715	0.091
Platelet(10^9/L, mean±SD)	176.54±40.61	184.19±49.68	−1.484	0.146
Fibrinogen(g/L, mean±SD)	4.55±0.92	4.62±0.83	0.651	0.513
D-dimer(mg/L, mean±SD)	5.24±2.06	3.69±1.71	6.543	<0.001
Caprini score	8(5, 10)	4(1, 6)	4.327	<0.001
Previous obstetric history
0	17(54.8%)	156(55.9%)	0.013	0.909
≥1	14(45.2%)	123(44.1%)
Parity
1	28(90.3%)	263(94.3%)		0.419*
≥2	3(9.7%)	16(5.7%)
IVF
Yes	2(6.5%)	10(3.6%)		0.342*
No	29(93.5%)	269(96.4%)
Scarred uterus
Yes	13(41.9%)	67(24.0%)	4.680	0.031
No	18(50.1%)	212(76.0%)
Placenta previa
Yes	2(6.5%)	9(3.2%)		0.303*
No	29(93.5%)	270 (96.8%)
Adherent placenta
Yes	5(16.1%)	13(4.7%)		0.024*
No	26(83.9%)	266(95.3%)
Premature birth
Yes	4(12.9%)	31(11.1%)		0.765*
No	27(87.1%)	248 (88.9%)
Postpartum hemorrhage
Yes	5(16.1%)	11(3.9%)		0.014*
No	26(83.9%)	268 (96.1%)
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Yes	5(16.1%)	40(14.3%)		0.789*
No	26(83.9%)	239 (85.7%)
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Yes	3(9.7%)	16(5.7%)		0.419*
No	28(90.3%)	263 (94.3%)
Fetal distress
Yes	5(16.1%)	50(17.9%)	0.061	0.804
No	26(83.9%)	229 (82.1%)
Intrauterine infection
Yes	3(9.7%)	4(1.4%)		0.024*
No	28(90.3%)	275(98.6%)
Premature rupture of membranes
Yes	8(25.8%)	62(22.2%)	0.205	0.651
No	23(74.2%)	217 (77.8%)

Note: *Fisher exact test.

Abbreviations: IVF, in vitro fertilization; BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Multivariate Analysis Results Between the Case Group with Control Group

Variables	β	SE	Wald χ^2	OR	95% CI	P
D-dimer	0.415	0.176	7.378	1.754	1.237–3.182	<0.001
Caprini score	0.359	0.143	6.160	1.209	1.058–2.280	0.012
Intrauterine infection	0.378	0.161	5.371	2.575	1.463–4.618	0.023
Postpartum hemorrhage	0.247	0.092	4.639	2.276	1.334–4.347	0.038
Scarred uterus	0.196	0.074	4.492	1.978	1.258–3.794	0.040
Adherent placenta	0.213	0.087	1.754	2.012	0.775–4.129	0.191
Fetal birth weight	0.162	0.069	0.315	1.014	0.583–1.030	0.617

Abbreviations: β, regression coefficient; SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Table 3 Clinical Utility Indexes of D-Dimer Levels, Caprini Score and Combination Prediction for VTE During Puerperium

	Best Cut-Off	Sensitivity	Specificity	Accuracy	FPR	FNR	PPV	NPV	Youden Index
D-dimer	4.02 mg/L	71.0%	74.2%	73.9%	76.6%	4.2%	23.4%	95.8%	0.45
Caprini score	6	67.7%	59.1%	60.0%	84.4%	5.7%	15.6%	94.3%	0.27
Combination prediction		83.9%	80.3%	80.6%	67.9%	2.2%	32.1%	97.8%	0.64

Abbreviations: VTE, venous thromboembolism; FPR, false-positive rate; FNR, false negative rate; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.

Figure 1 ROC curves of D-dimer levels, Caprini score and their combination in predicting VTE during puerperium.

Abbreviations: ROC, receiver-operating characteristic; VTE, venous thromboembolism.