Perception on prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) of HIV among women of reproductive age group in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of respondents (n = 420)

Characteristics	Frequency n (%)
Age group (years)
15–20	81 (19.3)
21–30	233 (55.5)
31–40	70 (16.7)
41–50	36 (8.6)
Occupation
Civil servant	75 (17.9)
Trader	76 (18.1)
Artisan	22 (5.2)
Professional	23 (5.5)
Unemployed	12 (2.8)
Student	212 (50.5)
Religion
Christianity	285 (67.9)
Islam	134 (31.9)
Traditional	1 (0.2)
Tribe
Yoruba	394 (93.8)
Ibo	18 (4.3)
Hausa	4 (1.0)
Others	4 (1.0)
Level of education
No formal education	30 (7.2)
Primary	15 (3.6)
Secondary	95 (22.6)
Tertiary	280 (66.7)
Marriage setting
Monogamy	165 (39.3)
Polygamy	41 (9.7)
Single parent	23 (5.5)
Unmarried	191 (45.5)
Parity
None	252 (60.0)
≤4	152 (36.3)
>4	16 (3.8)

Table 2 Respondents’ knowledge about HIV/AIDS (n = 420)

Variables	Frequency n (%)
Awareness of HIV/AIDS
Yes	419 (99.80)
No	1 (0.20)
Sources of information about HIV/AIDS
Radio and TV	414 (98.60)
Newspapers and magazines	362 (86.20)
Friends	345 (82.10)
Relatives	298 (71.10)
Teachers	314 (74.90)
Doctors	358 (85.20)
Partners	282 (67.10)
Knowledge of modes of transmission
Unprotected sex with an infected person	417 (99.3)
Blood transfusion with infected blood	417 (99.3)
Sharing of sharp objects	410 (97.6)
Casual contact such as hugging, handshakes	22 (5.2)
Sharing of towel, spoons, etc	48 (11.2)
Insect bites like mosquitoes	87 (20.7)
Infected mother to child	384 (91.4)
Sleeping in the same room with infected individual	27 (6.4)
Swimming pool and public toilet	74 (17.6)
Knowledge about MTCT of HIV
A mother can infect her child with HIV	387 (92.1)
MTCT of HIV takes place in utero/pregnancy	292 (69.5)
Through labor/delivery	333 (79.3)
Through breast feeding	363 (86.4)
Through mosquito bite	92 (21.9)
Through invasive tests	239 (56.9)

Abbreviations: AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; MTCT, mother-to-child-transmission; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.

Table 3 Attitude of women of reproductive age towards HIV and MTCT (n = 420)

Variables	Number (percentage)
	Disagree	Indifferent	Agree
Pregnant women should be screened for HIV	14 (3.4)	12 (2.9)	394 (93.8)
Referral of HIV positive pregnant women to institutions where they can be monitored	21 (5)	12 (2.9)	387 (92.1)
Use of antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy	24 (5.7)	22 (5.2)	374 (89.0)
HIV infected pregnant women must deliver with skilled personnel	28 (7.4)	25 (6.0)	364 (86.7)
HIV infected pregnant women should not deliver at home or at TBAs	68 (16.2)	32 (7.6)	320 (76.2)
HIV infected woman may not breastfeed her child if there is risk of infection	47 (11.2)	24 (5.7)	349 (83.1)

Abbreviations: MTCT, mother-to-child-transmission; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; TBA, traditional birth attendance.

Table 4 Respondents knowledge of PMTCT

Variable	Frequency n (%)
MTCT can be prevented
Yes	384 (91.4)
No	36 (8.6)
Means of prevention
Termination of pregnancy	144 (34.3)
Avoidance of drug use	131 (31.2)
Avoidance of smoking	154 (36.7)
Abstinence from unprotected sex	306 (72.9)
Early cessation of breastfeeding	227 (53.4)
Faithfulness to one’s sexual partner	377 (89.8)
Cesarean section delivery	292 (69.5)
Avoidance of invasive tests	286 (68.1)
Avoidance of hugging, kissing, shaking infected person	35 (8.3)
Use of herbs	59 (14.0)
Use of antiretroviral drugs	338 (80.5)
Health education	385 (91.7)
Transfusion only with screened blood and blood products	402 (95.7)
Vaccination and immunization	215 (51.0)

Abbreviations: MTCT, mother-to-child-transmission; PMTCT, prevention of mother-to-child-transmission.

Table 5 Association between sociodemographic data and knowledge about PMTCT

Variables	Knowledge n (%)		P-value	df	Remarks
	Yes	No
Occupation
Civil servant	69 (18.0)	2 (8.0)	0.020	5	Significant
Trader	65 (17.0)	10 (40.0)
Artisans	18 (4.7)	3 (12.0)
Professional	23 (6.0)	0 (0.0)
Unemployed	10 (2.6)	1 (4.0)
Students	198 (51.7)	9 (36.0)
Religion
Christianity	262 (68.2)	15 (60.0)	0.000	2	Significant
Islam	122 (31.8)	10 (40.0)
Level of education
No formal education	9 (2.5)	1 (4.0)	0.001	5	Significant
Primary school	13 (3.6)	2 (8.0)
Secondary school	79 (21.7)	12 (48.0)
Tertiary school	264 (72.3)	10 (40.0)
Marriage settings
Monogamy	152 (40.5)	11 (44.0)	0.878	3	Not significant
Polygamy	29 (7.7)	2 (8.0)
Single parent	19 (5.1)	2 (8.0)
Unmarried	175 (46.7)	10 (40.0)
Age group (years)
15–20	76 (20.3)	3 (12.0)	0.751	3	Not significant
21–30	209 (55.9)	16 (64.0)
31–40	65 (17.4)	4 (16.0)
41–49	24 (6.4)	2 (8.0)
Parity
≤4	136 (90.1)	12 (92.4)	0.987	5	Not significant
>4	15 (9.9)	1 (7.7)

Abbreviations: df, degree of freedom; PMTCT, prevention of mother-to-child-transmission.