Factors associated with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia in Jahun, Nigeria

Figures & data

Table 1 General characteristics of cases and controls admitted to the Jahun hospital maternity ward, October 2010–May 2011

Variables	Cases n = 419	Controls n = 1257	P-value
Mean maternal age (years) (95% CI)	21 (21–22)	25 (24–26)	<0.001
Geographical area (%)
Jahun	201 (48)	679 (54)	0.19
Miga	113 (27)	289 (23)
Other	105 (25)	289 (23)
Source of admission (%)
Self admission	369 (88)	1131 (90)
Traditional birth attendant	8 (2)	38 (3)
Health center	34 (8)	76 (6)
Ministry of health hospital	8 (2)	12 (1)
Mean time to reach hospital (hours) (95% CI)	1.5 (1.4–1.6)	1.4 (1.3–1.5)	0.93
Ethnicity (%)
Hausa	402 (96)	1169 (93)
Fulani	17 (4)	75 (6)
Other	0	13 (1)
Patient’s occupation as housewife	350 (87)	873 (74)	<0.001
School attendance
None	298 (93)	1085 (86)	0.001
Primary	8 (2)	58 (5)
Secondary	14 (4)	95 (7)
University	1 (0)	22 (2)
Mother able to read	17 (4)	104 (9)	0.003
Number of household members ≥3	161 (52)	837 (71)	<0.001
Mean number of ANC visits (95% CI)	1 (0–1)	2 (2–3)	<0.001

Abbreviations: ANC, antenatal care; CI, confidence interval.

Table 2 Delivery and outcome of cases and controls at the Jahun hospital maternity ward, October 2010–May 2011

Variables	Cases n = 419	Controls n = 1257	P-value
Place of delivery n (%)
Home/health center	50 (12)/0 (0)	8 (1)/1 (0)
MSF	338 (81)	1183 (94)
Cesarean	28 (7)	6 (0)	<0.001
Mean duration of hospital stay (days)	4	1.2	<0.001
Perinatal outcome n (%)
Stillbirth	48 (11)	17 (1)	<0.001
Neonatal death	36 (9)	28 (2)	<0.001

Abbreviation: MSF, Médecins Sans Frontières.

Table 3 Factors associated with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia in patients admitted at the Jahun hospital maternity ward, unadjusted and adjusted for potential confounding factors

Variables	Cases, n (%)	Controls, n (%)	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age <20 years	218 (52)	389 (31)	2.4 (2.0–3.1)	1.2 (0.7–2.1)	0.44
School attendance	29 (7)	171 (14)	2.1 (1.4–3.3)	1.7 (0.9–3.5)	0.09
Occupation as housewife	348 (87)	1172 (75)	2.3 (1.7–3.2)	2.0 (1.2–3.3)	0.004
Primiparity	232 (56)	423 (34)	2.5 (2.0–3.1)	2.5 (1.5–4.3)	0.001
Personal history of (pre)eclampsia	215 (53)	61 (5)	21.4 (15.3–30.0)	21.5 (14.2–32.5)	<0.001
Personal history of essential hypertension	106 (26)	48 (4)	8.7 (6.0–12.8)	10.5 (5.8–19.0)	<0.001
Family history of (pre)eclampsia	39 (12)	56 (6)	2.3 (1.4–3.6)	1.0 (0.5–2.1)	0.99
Family history of essential hypertension	49 (16)	81 (8)	2.0 (1.3–3.0)	1.2 (0.6–2.3)	0.59
Number of ANC visits <4	257 (79)	869 (67)	1.8 (1.3–2.4)	1.6 (1.1–2.4)	0.02
Traditional treatment during pregnancy	281 (72)	949 (62)	1.6 (1.2–2.1)	1.4 (0.9–1.9)	0.09

Abbreviations: ANC, antenatal care; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.