Abnormal uterine bleeding as a presenting symptom is related to multiple uterine leiomyoma: an ultrasound-based study

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic characteristics (624 cases)

Demographic data	Total (624 cases)		Leiomyoma (161 cases)
	n	%	n	%
Age (years)
Range	15–77		21–71
Median	39.62		46.65
19 or less	12	1.9	0	0
20–39	309	49.5	34	21.1
40–59	262	42.0	119	73.9
60 or more	41	6.6	8	5.0
Education
High school or less	394	63.1	108	67.1
College or more	230	36.9	53	32.9
Marital status
Married	413	66.2	127	78.9
Single	155	24.8	13	8.0
Divorced	33	5.3	12	7.5
Widowed	23	3.7	9	5.6
Body mass index
18.4 or less	20	3.2	3	1.9
18.5–24.9	371	59.5	76	47.2
25–29.9	169	27.1	56	34.8
30 or more	64	10.3	26	16.1
Age at menarch (years)
12 or less	312	50.0	81	50.0
13 or more	312	50.0	80	50.0
Number of pregnancies
0	198	31.7	21	13.0
1	156	25.0	54	33.5
2	163	26.1	50	31.1
3 or more	107	17.1	36	22.4
Number of deliveries
0	223	35.7	28	17.4
1	163	26.1	60	37.3
2 or more	238	38.1	73	45.3
Miscarriage
Total	426		140
No	334	78.4	105	75.0
Yes	92	21.6	35	25.0
Cesarean section
Total	401		133
No one	321	80.0	109	81.9
One or more	80	20.0	24	18.1
Contraception
Combined pill	207	33.2	29	18.0
Progestin pill or hormonal IUD	54	8.7	16	9.9
Other	363	58.1	116	72.1
Presenting symptom
Screening (asymptomatic)	197	31.6	47	29.2
Metrorrhagia	67	10.7	25	15.5
Menorrhagia	15	2.4	11	6.8
Pelvic pain	61	9.8	20	12.4
Vulvar symptoms	66	9.6	13	8.1
Breast symptoms	47	7.5	12	7.5
Leukorrhea	36	5.8	6	3.7
Contraception counseling	31	5.0	5	3.1
Infertility counseling	21	3.4	0	0
Other	89	9.3	22	13.7

Abbreviation: IUD, intrauterine device.

Table 2 Clinical and ultrasound uterus exploration data (624 cases)

Clinical and ultrasound data	N	%
Uterine size at gynecological examination
Normal size	518	83.0
Uterine enlargement	106	17.0
Uterine leiomyoma at ultrasound
Yes	161	25.8
No	463	74.2
Number of leiomyomas at ultrasound (161 women)
Single	80	49.7
Multiple	81	50.3
Dimension of largest leiomyoma at ultrasound (161 women)
<20 mm	79	49.1
20–29 mm	43	26.7
30–39 mm	18	11.2
40–49 mm	11	6.8
>50 mm	10	6.2
Previous patient knowledge about leiomyoma (161 women)
Yes	99	61.5
No	62	38.5

Table 3 Univariate analysis of demographic and clinical characteristics between patients with and without sonographic diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma

Demographic and clinical data	Uterine leiomyoma at ultrasound		P-value
	No	Yes
Age (years)
19 or less	100.0%	0.0%	0.0001
20–39	89.0%	11.0%
40–59	54.6%	45.4%
60 or more	80.5%	19.5%
Education
High school or less	72.6%	27.4%	0.134
College or more	77.0%	23.0%
Marital status
Married	69.2%	30.8%	<0.0001
Other	83.9%	16.1%
Body mass index
18.4 or less	85.7%	14.3%	0.002
18.5–24.9	79.2%	20.8%
25–29.9	66.9%	33.1%
30–34.9	62.3%	37.7%
35 or more	54.5%	45.5%
Age at menarch (years)
12 or less	74.0%	26.0%	0.500
13 or more	74.4%	25.6%
Pregnancy
No	89.4%	10.6%	<0.0001
Yes	67.1%	32.9%
Number of pregnancies
1	65.4%	34.6%	0.741
2	69.3%	30.7%
3 or more	66.4%	33.6%
Delivery
No	87.4%	12.6%	<0.0001
Yes	66.8%	33.2%
Number of deliveries
1	63.2%	36.8%	0.120
2 or more	69.3%	30.7%
Miscarriage
No	68.6%	33.7%	0.143
Yes	62.0%	38.0%
Cesarean section (401 women)
No one	66.3%	33.7%	0.360
One or more	69.2%	30.8%
Contraception
Combined pill	85.9%	14.1%	<0.0001
Progestin pill or hormonal IUD	70.4%	29.6%
Other	69.6%	30.4%
Menopause
No	76.1%	23.9%	0.011
Yes	64.4%	35.6%
Presenting symptom
Menorrhagia	26.7%	73.3%	<0.0001
Metrorrhagia	63.2%	36.8%
Pelvic pain	64.3%	35.7%
Other	78.8%	21.2%

Abbreviation: IUD, intrauterine device.

Table 4 Presenting symptoms according to number of uterine leiomyomas at ultrasound

Presenting symptom	Uterine leiomyomas at ultrasound		P-value
	Multiple	Single
Metrorrhagia	72.0%	28.0%	0.018
Menorrhagia	72.7%	27.3%
Pelvic pain	55.0%	45.0%
Other	41.9%	58.1%

Table 5 Presenting symptoms according to size of largest uterine leiomyoma at ultrasound

Presenting symptom	Size of largest uterine leiomyoma		P-value
	<3 cm	≥3 cm
Metrorrhagia	60.0%	40.0%	0.215
Menorrhagia	72.7%	27.3%
Pelvic pain	75.0%	25.0%
Other	80.0%	20.0%