Characterization of symptoms and edema distribution in premenstrual syndrome

Figures & data

Table 1 Prevalence of symptoms described by 60 women

Symptoms	n	%	P-value
1 – Mood swings	32	53.3%	0.023*
2 – Anxiety	35	58.3%	0.083
3 – Affective lability	29	48.3%	0.005*
4 – Irritability	44	73.3%	Reference
5 – Decreased interest	30	50.0%	0.009*
6 – Poor concentration	26	43.3%	<0.001*
7 – Tiredness	33	55.0%	0.036*
8 – Change in appetite	28	46.7%	0.003*
9 – Sleep disturbance	16	26.7%	<0.001*
10 – Loss of control	13	21.7%	<0.001*
11 – Physical symptoms	39	65.0%	0.323

Notes:

* P≤0.05 (test for equality of two proportions). “Reference” refers to the reference for statistical analysis: the highest value used for comparison. Symptoms were described according to the adapted version of the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool.^20,21

Table 2 Circumference measures of face, neck, and trunk

Circumference	Premenstrual	Menstrual	P-value
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Facial	24.94±1.95	24.36±2.11	0.016*
Submandibular	25.38±2.62	25.50±2.68	0.116
Cervical	31.19±2.13	31.11±2.18	0.286
Mammary	89.12±9.08	86.87±8.88	<0.001*
Epigastric	74.63±8.33	73.52±8.08	<0.001*
Umbilical	81.2±9.02	79.34±8.60	<0.001*
Pelvic	86.52±7.14	85.93±7.38	0.119
Pubic	89.93±8.13	88.75±7.87	0.003*

Note:

* P≤0.05 (Student’s paired t-test).

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Circumference measures of upper limbs

Right side				Left side
Circumference	Premenstrual	Menstrual	P-value	Premenstrual	Menstrual	P-value
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
+20 cm	32.06±5.23	31.41±5.28	<0.001*	31.51±5.29	31.29±5.28	0.111
+15 cm	29.26±4.78	29.07±4.83	0.119	29.05±4.90	28.75±4.79	0.002*
+10 cm	27.56±3.84	27.32±3.91	0.001*	27.18±3.79	26.98±3.73	0.012*
+5 cm	25.73±2.84	25.45±2.79	<0.001*	25.42±3.08	25.27±2.96	0.088
0 cm	24.34±2.31	24.27±2.29	0.225	24.31±2.36	24.05±2.27	0.003*
−5 cm	24.49±2.44	24.21±2.46	<0.001*	23.94±2.38	23.85±2.37	0.089
−10 cm	22.98±2.85	22.67±2.79	<0.001*	22.39±2.72	22.26±2.86	0.101
−15 cm	19.30±2.54	19.11±2.49	0.024*	18.69±2.55	16.28±1.98	<0.001*
−20 cm	16.63±1.91	16.41±2.03	0.008*	16.28±1.98	16.11±2.02	0.008*

Note:

* P≤0.05 (Student’s paired t-test).

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

Table 4 Circumference measures of lower limbs

Right side				Left side
Circumference	Premenstrual	Menstrual	P-value	Premenstrual	Menstrual	P-value
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
+28 cm	58.24±7.15	57.01±6.75	<0.001*	57.98±7.35	57.02±6.87	<0.001*
+21 cm	53.09±6.89	52.42±6.64	<0.001*	53.12±6.91	52.50±6.70	0.001*
+14 cm	46.80±6.00	46.43±5.92	<0.001*	46.83±5.77	46.39±5.75	<0.001*
+7 cm	41.03±4.43	40.67±4.36	<0.001*	41.03±4.43	40.67±4.36	0.002*
0 cm	36.23±3.59	35.93±3.36	0.031*	35.75±4.53	36.08±3.41	0.440
−7 cm	35.39±3.72	35.23±3.79	0.076	35.68±3.81	35.33±3.76	<0.001*
−14 cm	36.26±4.11	36.08±4.13	0.037*	36.22±3.99	35.93±4.03	<0.001*
−21 cm	32.00±4.12	31.64±4.06	<0.001*	32.10±3.90	31.60±4.08	<0.001*
−28 cm	25.97±3.54	25.69±3.43	0.003*	25.69±3.25	25.68±3.55	0.936

Note:

* P≤0.05 (Student’s paired t-test).

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

Table 5 Values of the estimated volume (disk method) of upper and lower limbs

Estimated volume		Premenstrual	Menstrual	P-value
Right upper limb	Mean ± SD	2.306±689	2.248±684	<0.001*
	Median	2.285	2.151
Left upper limb	Mean ± SD	2.236±681	2.198±675	<0.002*
	Median	2.178	2.111
Right lower limb	Mean ± SD	8.859±1.750	8.634±1.673	<0.001*
	Median	9.360	8.896
Left lower limb	Mean ± SD	8.824±1.733	8.647±1.674	<0.001*
	Median	8.908	8.927

Note:

* P≤0.05 (Student’s paired t-test).

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

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