Sociocultural determinants of home delivery in Ethiopia: a qualitative study

Figures & data

Table 1 Categories of themes and subthemes

Theme	Subthemes
Individual factor	• Awareness
	• Fear of exposure to wind
	• Pain of leaving children and livestock behind
Cultural factor	• Pregnancy and delivery is normal
	• Home delivery is natural
	• Housewarming facilitates delivery
	• Death is unavoidable
	• Hearsays on death of a woman in a health facility
Facility factors	• Distance to facility
	• Unwelcoming providers
	• Limitation of provider’s competence
	• Limited or no supplies and equipment

Table 2 Sociodemographic characteristics of women participants by region

Characteristics	Amhara	Oromia	SNNPR	Tigray	Percentage
Users: age
<20 years	0	0	1	1	0.04
20–24 years	4	5	4	5	0.32
25–29 years	5	3	5	4	0.30
30–34 years	2	3	2	2	0.16
35–39 years	1	4	1	2	0.14
≥40 years	1	0	0	1	0.04
Total	13	15	13	15	1.00
Nonusers: age
<20 years	0	1	0	0	0.02
20–24 years	2	2	2	4	0.21
25–29 years	4	3	5	6	0.38
30–34 years	3	3	3	2	0.23
35–39 years	2	1	2	2	0.15
≥40 years	1	0	0	0	0.02
Total	12	10	12	14	1.00
Users: education
No formal education	8	10	7	9	0.61
Primary education	4	4	4	4	0.29
Secondary education	1	1	2	2	0.11
Total	13	15	13	15	1.00
Nonusers: education
No formal education	8	6	8	8	0.63
Primary education	2	3	3	5	0.27
Secondary education	2	1	1	1	0.10
Total	12	10	12	14	1.00
Users: childrena
Only one	3	4	2	4	0.23
2–3	6	7	5	8	0.46
4–5	3	3	4	3	0.23
>5	1	1	2	0	0.07
Total	13	15	13	15	1.00
Nonusers: childrena
Only one	2	1	3	3	0.19
2–3	6	5	3	6	0.42
4–5	2	3	4	4	0.27
>5	2	1	2	1	0.12
Total	12	10	12	14	1.00
Users: religion
Orthodox	9	5	4	13	0.55
Muslim	3	6	3	1	0.23
Protestant	1	2	6	1	0.18
Other	0	2	0	0	0.04
Total	13	15	13	15	1.00
Nonusers: religion
Orthodox	10	4	3	12	0.60
Muslim	2	6	3	2	0.27
Protestant	0	0	6	0	0.13
Total	12	10	12	14	1.00

Notes: Service users were defined as women who delivered their most recent child in a health facility assisted by skilled health personnel, while nonusers were defined as women who delivered their most recent child at home.

a Number of children born to a woman.

Abbreviation: SNNPR, southern nations, nationalities, and Peoples’ region.