Pathobiology of Airway Remodeling in Asthma: The Emerging Role of Integrins

Figures & data

Table 1 Overview of Integrins Involved in Asthmatic Airway Remodeling

	Integrins	Role	Reference
Airway hyper-responsiveness and ASM thickening	α5β1 α2β1	Inhibits IL-13-induced contraction ASM	[^Citation85,Citation86]
	αvβ5	Contraction-induced activation of TGFβ in ASM cells	[^Citation22]
	α8β1 α9β1	Negative regulation of ASM contraction	[^Citation93,Citation94]
	α2β1, α4β1 and α5β1 β1	Regulates ASM proliferative responses	[^Citation31,Citation98,Citation99]
	α7β1	Promotion of ASM survival and differentiation	[^Citation100]
Epithelial changes	β4	Epithelial cell senescence	[^Citation60]
	β1	Mucous production	[^Citation68,Citation69]
	β3	Protects against goblet cell hyperplasia	[^Citation70]
Subepithelial fibrosis	α5β1	Fibronectin deposition by ASM cells	[^Citation104]
	αvβ8	Airway fibrosis TGFβ activation	[^Citation117,Citation179]
	RGD-binding	ECM gene expression in ASM	[^Citation125]
Angiogenesis	αvβ3, αvβ5	Angiogenesis	[^Citation139,Citation141]
	α1, α2 subunits	VEGF-induced angiogenesis	[^Citation180]

Figure 1 Schematic diagram giving an overview of how different integrin heterodimers expressed by a variety of lung cell types may contribute to the development and/or progression of airway remodeling in asthma. Both environmental and cellular stimuli converge upon integrin signaling pathways in a variety of cell types to contribute to airway hyper-responsiveness and ASM thickening, mucous over-production, subepithelial fibrosis, new blood vessel formation, and airway inflammation.

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