The Association Between Lung Fluorodeoxyglucose Metabolism and Smoking History in 347 Healthy Adults

Figures & data

Figure 1 Representative ROIs of the lung on the ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. Circular ROIs were drawn on the lateral peripheral regions of the RUL, RLL, LUL, and LLL.

Table 1 Demographic Data of Non-Smokers, Ex-Smokers and Current Smokers

Parameters	Non-Smokers (n=210)	Ex-Smokers (n=68)	Current Smokers (n=69)
Age, years, median (range)	53.0 (24–77)	54.0 (36–77)	51.0 (38–73)
Male/Female	62/148	68/0	69/0
Smoking history
Packs smoked per day, median (range)		1.0 (0.5–3.0)	1.0 (0.2–2.5)
Smoking duration,years, median (range)		17.5 (3.0–45.0)	25.0 (2–45)
Pack years, years, median (range)		15.0 (3.0–60.0)	25.0 (0.4–60)
Duration of smoking cessation, years, median (range)		10.0 (0.5–40.0)

Table 2 Differences in the Lung SUV According to Smoking Status

Parameters	Non-Smokers (n=210)	Ex-Smokers (n=68)	Current Smokers (n=69)	F value	P value
SUVmax, mean (SD)
SUVmax-avr	0.77 (0.11)	0.86 (0.12)	1.01 (0.12)	114.520	<0.001
SUVmax-RUL	0.69 (0.12)	0.74 (0.13)	0.82 (0.13)	31.707	<0.001
SUVmax-RLL	0.85 (0.13)	0.98 (0.12)	1.24 (0.12)	261.068	<0.001
SUVmax-LUL	0.69 (0.12)	0.74 (0.13)	0.82 (0.13)	32.147	<0.001
SUVmax-LLL	0.85 (0.13)	0.99 (0.11)	1.16 (0.11)	169.543	<0.001
SUVmean, mean (SD)
SUVmean-avr	0.52 (0.08)	0.53 (0.13)	0.59 (0.12)	16.016	<0.001
SUVmean-RUL	0.48 (0.09)	0.48 (0.13)	0.49 (0.13)	0.655	0.520
SUVmean-RLL	0.55 (0.09)	0.60 (0.13)	0.71 (0.12)	60.569	<0.001
SUVmean-LUL	0.48 (0.09)	0.47 (0.13)	0.49 (0.13)	0.790	0.455
SUVmean-LLL	0.56 (0.09)	0.58 (0.13)	0.68 (0.11)	35.774	<0.001

Figure 2 Differences in SUVmax-avr (A) and SUVmean-avr (B) between non-smokers, ex-smokers, and current smokers. The data are presented as box plots (median, interquartile range, range). *P< 0. 05 (two-tailed unpaired t-test). SUVmax-avr, the average of maximum SUVs, and SUVmean-avr, the average of mean SUVs, were measured in the RUL, RLL, LUL, and LLL.

Figure 3 (A) The correlation between tobacco burden (pack years) and SUVmax-avr in ex-smokers (r = 0.171, P = 0.162). (B) The correlation between duration of smoking cessation (years) and SUVmax-avr in ex-smokers (r = 0.212, P = 0.082). (C) The correlation between tobacco burden (pack years) and SUVmax-avr in current smokers (r = 0.474, P< 0.001).

Figure 4 Differences in SUVmax-avr between ex-smokers and current smokers with a smaller tobacco burden (0 < pack years ≤ 15, (A) medium tobacco burden (15 < pack years ≤ 25, (B) and larger tobacco burden (pack years >25, (C)). Data are presented as box plots (median, interquartile range, range). *P< 0. 05 (two-tailed unpaired t-test).