Health-Related Quality of Life and Productivity Among US Patients with Severe Asthma

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Enrolled Patients*

Characteristic	All Enrolled and Completed Data Entry Forms (n = 1884)	Completed Enrollment Questionnaires (n = 1109)
Age at enrollment, y
Mean (SD)	54 (14)	54 (14)
Median (range)	55 (18, 92)	55 (18, 86)
Female, %	69	70
Race, %
White	75	80
Black	19	15
Other	4	4
Not reported	2	1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, %
Hispanic or Latino	8	7
Not Hispanic or Latino	92	93
BMI, kg/m^2
Mean (SD)	33 (9)	33 (9)
Median (range)	32 (9, 109)	32 (9, 109)
Care by subspecialist at site, %
Allergist/immunologist	39	43
Pulmonologist	51	47
Allergist/immunologist and pulmonologist	10	10
Insurance, %
Commercial	60	64
Medicare	23	23
Medicaid	10	7
Other†	5	6
Uninsured	1	1
Residential area, %
Suburban	50	52
Urban	26	25
Rural	20	20
Missing	4	3
Smoking status, %
Never	66	68
Former	30	29
Current	3	3
Employment status, %
Employed full-time	39	42
Employed part-time	6	6
Self-employed	3	4
Homemaker	3	3
Full-time student	2	2
Retired	22	22
Disabled due to asthma	8	8
Disabled due to nonasthma condition	7	6
Unemployed^‡	6	5
Missing	4	3
Education level, %
Some high school or less	5	3
Graduated high school	23	21
College	46	48
Graduate school	17	19
Missing	9	8
Enrollment treatment class, %
Uncontrolled on high-dosage ICS/LABA only	30	28
Any monoclonal antibody	65	67
Omalizumab	31	34
Non-omalizumab	32	33
Systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressant	14	13
Exacerbations during 12 months prior to enrollment
Confirmed exacerbations per patient, mean, n	1.2	1.1

Notes: *Percentages may not total 100% as a result of rounding. ^†”Other” includes “other government insurance” and “other”. ^‡”Unemployed” does not include retired, disabled, or homemaker.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 1 Mean (±SD) SGRQ scores* according to treatment category at enrollment.

Notes: *Scores range from 0 (perfect health) to 100 (maximum impairment).

Abbreviations: HD ICS+, high-dosage inhaled corticosteroids and additional controllers; mSCS, maintenance systemic corticosteroids; SD, standard deviation; SGRQ, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.

Figure 2 WPAI results according to treatment category at enrollment*,^†.

Notes: *Patients not employed reported ability to complete daily activities. ^†Overall work impairment is the sum of (a) work hours missed and (b) hours worked multiplied by impairment while working because of asthma (20).

Abbreviations: HD ICS+, high-dosage inhaled corticosteroids and additional controllers; mSCS, maintenance systemic corticosteroid; WPAI, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment.

Figure 3 SGRQ scores by patient-reported health.*,^†,‡.

Notes: *Score range: 0 (perfect health) to 100 (maximum impairment). ^†18 respondents with incomplete or missing data excluded. ^‡Interquartile range is represented by a filled box. The bar represents median value; X represents mean. Whiskers represent minimum and maximum observation, accounting for outliers (filled circles).

Abbreviations: SGRQ, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.

Figure 4 Percentage of patients responding “true” to specific disease effects collected by the SGRQ.*.

Note: *Questions listed in this figure are paraphrased from the SGRQ.

Abbreviations: SGRQ, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire; SOB, shortness of breath.

Figure 5 Word cloud of patient-reported free-text responses to the SGRQ prompt for “other activities that your respiratory problems may prevent you from doing.”*.

Notes: *The more frequently a specific word was reported, the bigger and bolder it appears in the word cloud. Adapted from WordItOut (http://worditout.com).

Abbreviations: SGRQ, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.

Figure 6 Comparison of patient SGRQ Activity and Symptoms component scores*. Panel (A) Distribution of patient clusters; Panel (B) Mean component and total scores by cluster.

Notes: *Scores range from 0 (perfect health) to 100 (maximum impairment). Cluster 1, Symptoms and Activity score difference <15; Cluster 2, better Activity score than Symptoms score; Cluster 3, better Symptoms score than Activity score.

Abbreviations: SGRQ, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.