Children with Delayed-Type Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy May Be at a Significant Risk of Developing Immediate Allergic Reactions Upon Re-introduction

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and Clinical Data of the Patients

Variables	Total n=60 (%)
Gender
Male	38 (63.3)
Female	22 (36.7)
Mean age at presentation (months)	4.3 ± 4.1
Family history of Atopy
No	17 (28.3)
Yes	43 (71.7)
Personal history of Atopy
No	26 (43.3)
Yes	34 (56.7)
Breast feeding
No	36 (60)
Yes	24 (40)
Type of Formula
Extensively Hydrolyzed formula	20 (33.3)
Amino Acid-based formula	31 (51.7)
Extensively Hydrolyzed formula	20 (33.3)
Other formulas*	9 (15)
Baked products tolerance
No	28 (46.7)
Yes	32 (53.3)
Strictly avoiding dairy products
No	26 (43.3)
Yes	34 (56.7)
Concomitant food allergy
No	32 (53.3)
Yes	28 (46.7)
Type of food allergy
No	32 (53.3)
Eggs	16 (26.7)
Others**	12 (20.0)

Notes: *Other formulas include soy and non-dairy formulas. **Others include tree nut, peanut, wheat, soy, sesame and others.

Table 2 Risk Factors for the Development of Immediate Reactions to Dairy Products in Patients with Delayed-Type Reactions at Presentation

Variables	Patients With Immediate Reaction N=13 (21.7%)	Patients Without Immediate Reaction N=47 (78.3%)	OR (95% CI)	P value
Gender
Male	7(53.8)	29(61.7)	0.72(0.20–2.50)	0.75
Female	6(46.2)	18(38.3)	1.38(0.39–4.76)	0.75
Mean age (months)	3.8 ± 2.2	4.43 ±4.4	-	0.48
Family history of atopy
No	10(76.9)	33(70.2)
Yes	3(23.1)	14(29.8)	0.70(0.16–2.96)	0.74
Personal history of atopy
No	3(23.1)	23(48.9)
Yes	10(76.9)	24(51.1)	3.19(0.77–13.1)	0.12
Breast feeding
No	8(61.5)	28(59.6)
Yes	5(38.5)	19(40.4)	0.92(0.26–3.24)	1.00
Type of formula
Extensively-Hydrolyzed formula	3(23.1)	17(36.2)	0.52(0.12–2.19)	0.51
Amino Acid-based formula	9(69.2)	22(46.8)	2.55(0.68–9.47)	0.21
Others	1(7.7)	8(17.0)	0.40(0.04–3.58)	0.66
Baked products tolerance
No	7(53.8)	21(44.7)
Yes	6(46.2)	26(55.3)	0.69(0.20–2.37)	0.75
Strictly avoiding dairy products
No	6(46.2)	20(42.6)
Yes	7(53.8)	27(57.4)	0.86(0.25–2.97)	1.00
Concomitant food allergy
No	0(0)	32(68.1)
Yes	13(100)	15(31.9)	56.6(3.15–1016.1)	<0.0001
Types of concomitant food allergy
Eggs	9(69.2)	7(14.9)	12.85(3.09–53.5)	<0.01
PN	1(7.7)	2(4.3)	1.87(0.15–22.48)	0.52
TN	2(15.4)	2(4.3)	4.09(0.51–32.36	0.20
Soy	1(7.7)	0(0)	11.4(0.43–29.41)	0.21
Wheat	0 (0)	4(8.5)	0.35(0.02–7.08)	0.56