Dupilumab Treatment Efficacy and Impact on Clinical Scores, Serum Biomarkers, and Itch in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Retrospective Analysis

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Demographics and Disease Characteristics

Parameter	n=175
Gender, n (%)
Male	98 (56)
Female	77 (44)
Age (years), mean (SD)	44.7 (20.7)
AD family history, n (%)	75 (42.9)
Atopic comorbidities, n (%)	80 (47.5)
Phenotypes, n (%)
Classic AD	159 (91)
Prurigo Nodularis-like	16 (9)
EASI, median (min-max)	26 (24–49)
VAS pruritus, median (min-max)	8 (0–10)
Total serum IgE (kU/L), median (min-max)	743 (1.4–22,085)
Blood Eosinophils count (x10^3/uL), median (min-max)	0.35 (0–2.30)
Serum LDH (mU/mL), median (min-max)	201 (121–497)
Previous systemic treatment, n (%)
Antihistamines	132 (75.4)
Corticosteroids	30.3 (53)
Cyclosporine A	133 (76)
Phototherapy	80 (45.7)

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; AD, atopic dermatitis; EASI, eczema area and severity index; VAS, visual analogue scale; IgE, immunoglobulin E; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.

Table 2 Statistical Analysis in the Variation of the Outcome Measures Compared to Baseline

Parameter	Week-0 Median (Min-Max)	Week-16 Median (Min-Max)	p-value	Week-32 Median (Min-Max)	p-value	Week-48 Median (Min-Max)	p-value
EASI	26.0 (24–49)	7.0 (0–24)	<0.001*	3.2 (0–15)	<0.001*	2.5 (0–12)	<0.001*
VAS for itch	8.0 (0–10)	3.0 (0–7)	<0.001*	2.0 (0–8)	<0.001*	1.0 (0–8)	<0.001*
Total serum IgE (kU/L)	743 (1.4–22,085)	464 (2–15,544)	<0.001*	277 (0.9–10,564)	<0.001*	211 (0.9–7367)	<0.001*
Blood Eosinophils count (x10^3/uL)	0.35 (0–2.30)	0.31 (0.02–5.10)	0.679	0.28 (0.03–5.11)	<0.001*	0.26 (0.07–3.31)	0.005*
Serum LDH (mU/mL)	201 (121–497)	189 (46.2–440)	<0.001*	182.5 (116–450)	<0.001*	182 (65.6–439)	<0.001*

Note: *p-value statistically significant.

Abbreviations: EASI, eczema area and severity index; VAS, visual analogue scale; IgE, immunoglobulin E; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.

Table 3 Correlation Analysis Between EASI and the Other Parameters

Parameter	Baseline EASI		Week-16 EASI		Week-32 EASI		Week-48 EASI
	r	p-value	r	p-value	r	p-value	r	p-value
VAS for itch (T0-T1-T2-T3)	0.341	<0.001*	0.483	<0.001*	0.592	<0.001*	0.618	<0.001*
Total serum IgE (T0-T1-T2-T3) (kU/L)	0.189	0.013*	0.048	0.545	0.143	0.092	−0.015	0.866
Serum LDH (T0-T1-T2-T3) (mU/mL)	0.149	0.068	0.224	0.005*	0.230	0.009*	0.159	0.074
Blood Eosinophils count (T0-T1-T2-T3) (x10^3/uL)	0.176	0.019*	0.128	0.098	0.159	0.061	0.057	0.522

Note: *p-value statistically significant.

Abbreviations: EASI, eczema area and severity index; VAS, visual analogue scale; IgE, immunoglobulin E; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.