Baseline Systemic Oral Corticosteroid Use in Patients with Asthma Initiating Dupilumab Treatment in the Real World: From the RAPID Global Registry

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in the Overall Population and in Patients with and without a Prior History of OCS Use in the 3 Months Prior to Initiating Dupilumab for Asthma

	Total (N = 205)	With Prior OCS Use (n = 52)	Without Prior OCS Use (n = 153)
Age (years), mean (SD)	50.1 (17.41)	48.8 (16.78)	50.5 (17.65)
Age (years), median (range)	51 (12–85)	49 (13–83)	54 (12–85)
P-value			0.54
Female gender, n (%)	134 (65.4)	34 (65.4)	100 (65.4)
P-value			<0.0001
BMI (kg/m^2), mean (SD)	30.67 (7.96)	31.65 (8.75)	30.33 (7.68)
P-value			0.32
BMI group, n (%)
< 25 kg/m^2	43 (21.0)	11 (21.2)	32 (20.9)
≥ 25 to <30 kg/m^2	63 (30.7)	10 (19.2)	53 (34.6)
≥ 30 kg/m^2	88 (42.9)	28 (53.8)	60 (39.2)
Missing	11 (5.4)	3 (5.8)	8 (5.2)
Race, n (%)
White	152 (74.1)	35 (67.3)	117 (76.5)
Black or African American	27 (13.2)	8 (15.4)	19 (12.4)
Asian	2 (1.0)	0	2 (1.3)
Multiple	2 (1.0)	1 (1.9)	1 (0.7)
Other	6 (2.9)	3 (5.8)	3 (2.0)
Not reported	15 (7.3)	4 (7.7)	11 (7.2)
Missing	1 (0.5)	1 (1.9)	0
Age at diagnosis of asthma, years, mean (SD)	31.1 (21.91)	26.8 (21.83)	32.6 (21.81)
P-value			0.10
Diabetes, n (%)	25 (12.2)	9 (17.3)	16 (10.5)
P-value			<0.0001
Smoking status, n (%)
Current	9 (4.4)	4 (7.7)	5 (3.3)
Former	41 (20.0)	10 (19.2)	31 (20.3)
Never	151 (73.7)	38 (73.1)	113 (73.9)
Unknown	4 (2.0)	0	4 (2.6)
P-value			<0.0001
Asthma controller medications, n (%)	199 (97.1)	50 (96.2)	124 (81.0)
ICS alone	17 (8.3)	13 (25.0)	10 (6.5)
ICS plus LABA	112 (54.6)	30 (57.7)	99 (64.7)
ICS plus LABA plus LAMA	23 (11.2)	10 (19.2)	16 (10.5)
P-value			<0.0001
FVC (L), mean (SD)	3.09 (1.08)	2.86 (1.11)	3.21 (1.0)
P-value			0.15
FVC pp (%), mean (SD)	80.2 (19.0)	80.7 (20.3)	80.0 (18.5)
P-value			0.87
FEV1 (L), mean (SD)	2.29 (1.14)	2.27 (1.54)	2.31 (0.88)
P-value			0.90
FEV1 pp (%), mean (SD)	70.3 (20.3)	66.6 (21.4)	72.4 (19.5)
P-value			0.17
FEF25–75% pp (%), mean (SD)	56.7 (29.2)	45.3 (26.7)	62.6 (29.0)
P-value			0.008
PEF (L/min), mean (SD)	356.9 (169.83)	367.91 (203.62)	354.27 (162.90)
P-value			0.8
ACQ-6 score, mean (SD)	n = 193	n = 49	n = 144
	2.4 (1.18)	2.8 (1.41)	2.2 (1.05)
P-value			0.01
AQLQ global score, mean (SD)	n = 192	n = 49	n = 143
	4.1 (1.31)	3.9 (1.34)	4.1 (1.30)
Symptoms	4.1 (1.30)	3.9 (1.38)	4.1 (1.27)
Activity limitation	4.6 (1.46)	4.4 (1.52)	4.6 (1.44)
Emotional function	3.7 (1.71)	3.3 (1.65)	3.8 (1.71)
Environmental stimuli	3.8 (1.75)	3.7 (1.70)	3.8 (1.78)
P-value			0.257
Eosinophil count (cells/μL)
Mean (SD)	0.493 (0.4435)	0.595 (0.5635)	0.461 (0.4015)
Median (Q1–Q3)	0.305 (0.200–0.695)	0.252 (0.200–0.960)	0.310 (0.200–0.600)
P-value			0.35
Eosinophil count (cells/μL) category, n/N1 (%)
< 150	10/64 (15.6)	3/15 (20.0)	7/49 (14.3)
≥ 150 to < 300	15/64 (23.4)	5/15 (33.3)	10/49 (20.4)
≥ 300	39/64 (60.9)	7/15 (46.7)	32/49 (65.3)
P-value			<0.0001
FeNO (ppb), mean (SD)
Mean (SD)	42.2 (34.83)	50.6 (34.81)	37.5 (34.37)
Median (Q1–Q3)	34.0 (16.0–56.0)	43.0 (26.0–63.0)	30.0 (13.0–56.0)
Range (ppb)	4–186	13–150	4–186
P-value			0.16
FeNO category, n/N1 (%)
< 25 ppb	22/61 (36.1)	5/22 (22.7)	17/39 (43.6)
≥ 25 ppb	39/61 (63.9)	17/22 (77.3)	22/39 (56.4)
P-value			<0.0001

Notes: All P-values are comparisons between the prior OCS use and non-prior OCS use groups. P-value was calculated using t-test for continuous variables, and chi-square test for categorical variables.

Abbreviations: ACQ-6, 6-item asthma control questionnaire; AQLQ, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; BMI, body mass index; FEF_25–75%, forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity; FeNO, fractional exhaled nitric oxide; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; L, liters; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; OCS, oral corticosteroids; PEF, peak expiratory flow; pp, percent predicted; ppb, parts per billion; Q, quartile; SD, standard deviation.