Prevalence of Leucopenia and Associated Factors before and after Initiation of ART among HIV-Infected Patients, North East Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of HIV Positive Patients Taking ART at DBRH, North East Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Frequency	Percentage
Age in years
18–29	34	12.5
30–39	97	35.9
40–49	82	30.0
≥50	59	21.6
Sex
Male	110	40.4
Female	162	59.6
Marital status
Single	23	49.8
Divorced	39	27.5
Married	135	8.4
Widowed	75	14.3
Educational status
Illiterate	74	27.1
Primary school	92	33.7
High school	63	23.1
Certificate and above	44	16.1
WHO clinical stages
Stage I	144	52.9
Stage II	36	13.2
Stage III	87	31.9
Stage IV	5	1.8
Types of ART regimen
1c	14	5.1
1d	10	3.7
1e	75	27.6
1j	130	47.8
2f	19	7.0
2h	18	6.6
Not registered	6	2.2

Notes: 1c=AZT-3TC-NVP, 1d=AZT-3TC-EFV, 1e=TDF-3TC-EFV, 1f=TDF-3TC-NVP, 1j=TDF-3TC-DTG, 2f=AZT-3TC-ATV/r, 2h=TDF-3TC-ATV/r

Table 2 Leucopenia, Neutropenia, and Lymphopenia and Associated Factors before ART Initiation in HIV Positive Patients Attended at DBRH, North East Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Leucopenia, N (%)	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	Neutropenia, N %	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	Lymphopenia, N (%)	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Age groups
18–29	7 (20.6)	1.4 (0.52–3.94)	1.3 (0.42–3.96)	1 (2.9)	3.7 (0.43–32.4)	3.7 (0.42–32.2)	3 (8.8)	0.6 (0.11–2.91)	0.6 (0.09–2.92)
30–39	18 (18.4)	1.7 (0.77–3.57)	1.2 (0.49–2.76)	3 (3.1)	3.6 (0.86–14.92)	5.4 (1.04–27.6)	5 (5.1)	0.9 (0.23–4.33)	0.9 (0.18–4.27)
40–49	16 (19.5)	1.5 (0.69–3.39)	1.1 (0.45–2.65)	9 (11.9)	0.9 (0.31–2.74)	0.9 (0.31–2.87)	7 (8.5)	0.6 (0.14–2.32)	0.4 (0.09–1.87)
≥50	16 (27.1)	1	1	6 (10.2)	1	1	3 (5.1)	1	1
Sex
Male	27 (24.5)	0.7 (0.37–1.21)	0.9 (0.47–1.8)	9 (8.2)	0.7 (0.25–1.72)	0.8 (0.3–2.1)	8 (7.3)	0.8 (0.28–2.01)	1.1 0.39–3.3)
Female	9 (17.9)	1	1	10 (5.6)	1	1	10 (5.6)	1	1
Clinical stage
Stage I & II	29 (16)	2.3 (1.26–4.16)	1.6 (0.81–3.12)	9 (5.0)	2.3 (0.91–5.96)	2.6 (0.97–6.93)	6 (3.3)	4.4 (1.58–12.07) *	3.6 (1.17–11.27)**
Stage III & IV	28 (34.4)	1	1	10 (10.9)	1	1	12 (13.0)	1	1
CD4 count cells/µL
<200	48 (41.0)	0.1 (0.02–0.21)*	0.1 (0.02–0.26)**	19 (16.2)	_	_	16 (13.7)	0.1 (0.01–0.68)*	0.1 (0.02–0.9)**
200–349	6 (7.2)	0.6 (0.13–2.28)	0.6 (1.15–2.59)	0 (0.0)	_	_	1 (1.2)	1.1 (0.07–18.54)	1.32 (0.08–22.39)
≥350	3 (4.1)	1	1	0 (0.0)			1 (1.4)	1	1

Notes: *Indicates statistically significant association by univariate analysis, **Statistically significant association by multivariate analysis.

Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odd ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Table 3 Leucopenia, Neutropenia and Lymphopenia and Associated Factors after Initiation of ART in HIV Positive Patients Attended at DBRH, North East Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Leucopenia, N (%)	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	Neutropenia, N %	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	Lymphopenia, N (%)	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Age groups
18–29	4 (11.8)	1.9 (0.57–6.49)	2.2 (0.62–7.6)	1 (2.9)	_	_	1(2.9)	1.8 (0.18–17.69)	1.9 (0.17–20.81)
30–39	12 (12.2)	1.83 (0.76–4.39)	1.9 (0.78–4.68)	2 (2.0)	_	_	5(5.1)	0.9 (0.23–4.33)	1.0 (0.21–4.65)
40–49	14 (17.3)	1.22 (0.52–2.88)	1.1 (0.45–2.62)	0 (0.0)	_	_	3 3.7)	1.4 (0.27–7.16)	1.3 (0.24–7.34)
≥50	12 (20.3)	1	1	0 (0.0)			3 (5.1)	1	1
Sex
Male	17 (15.6)	0.7 (0.37–1.21)	0.9 (0.47–1.8)	1 (0.9)	1.3 (0.12–14.94)	3.1 (0.18–49.86)	7 (6.4)	0.5 (0.14–1.5)	0.6 (0.16–2.06)
Female	25 (15.4)	1	1	2 (1.2)	1	1	5 (3.1)	1	1
ART regimen
AZT based	13 (30.2)	0.4 (0.16–0.74)*	0.3 (0.14–0.65)**	2 (4.8)	0.1 (0.01–1.02)	0.1 (0.01–1.52)	6 (14.0)	0.2 (0.1–0.56)*	0.2 (0.06–0.7)**
TDF based	29 (13.0)			1 (0.1)			6 (2.7)	1	1
CD4 count cells/µL
<200	3 (23.1)	0.6 (0.17–2.45)	_	1 (8.3)	0.5 (0.01–0.87)	0.1 (0.02–1.52)	2 (15.4)	0.2 (0.03–0.98)	0.3 (0.05–1.72)
200–349	4 (9.5)	1.8 (0.61–5.44)		1 (2.4)	0.2 (0.01–3.1)	0.3 (0.14–4.32)	3 (7.1)	0.4 (0.12–1.75)	0.13–2.53)
≥350	35 (16.1)	1		1 (0.5)	1	1	7 (3.2)	1	1

Notes: *Indicates statistically significant association by univariate analysis, **Statistically significant association by multivariate analysis.

Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odd ratio; CI, confidence interval.