High Magnitude of Neonatal Anemia Among Sick Newborns Admitted to University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Hemoglobin profiles of the study participants (N = 272) admitted to UOGCSH, 2020.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Study Participants (N = 272) Admitted to UOGCSH, 2020

Variable	n (%)
Age at admission
<72hr	201 (74)
3 days-7 days	24 (9)
7–28 days	47 (17)
Sex
Male	161 (59)
Female	111 (41)
GA
<37 weeks	82 (30)
37–42 weeks	186 (68)
>42 weeks	4 (2)
Birth weight (gram)
1000–2499	90 (33)
2500–4000	173 (64)
>4000	9 (3)
Maternal age(years)
< 20	93 (34)
25–35	99 (36)
>35	80 (30)
Education status
Unable to read and write	34 (13)
Primary education	122 (45)
Secondary education	36 (13)
College and above	80 (29)
Occupation
Employed	104 (38)
Daily laborer	9 (3)
Farmer	102 (38)
Housewife	57 (21)
Residence
Urban	124 (46)
Rural	148 (54)

Table 2 Obstetric and Perinatal Profiles of the Mother and Newborns (N = 272) Admitted at the UOGCSH, 2020

Variables	n (%)
Parity
Primiparous	114 (42)
Multiparous	158 (58)
Fetal number
Singleton	236 (87)
Multiple	36 (13)
Mode of delivery
Vaginal	214 (79)
C/S	46 (17)
Instrumental assisted	12 (4)
Place of delivery
Hospital	207 (76)
Health center	54 (20)
Home	11 (4)
ANC follow up
Had ANC follow up	238 (87)
No ANC follow up	34 (13)
Iron & folic acid
took≥1 month	238 (87)
Did not take	34 (13)
Bleeding History
Had APH	29 (11)
No APH	243 (89)
Maternal anemia
Yes	59 (22)
No	213 (78)
HIV/AIDS
Yes	4 (2)
No	268 (98)
Malarial attack history
Yes	12 (4)
No	260 (96)
Maternal Malnutrition
Yes	4 (2)
No	268 (98)

Abbreviations: APH, antepartum hemorrhage; ANC, antenatal care.

Table 3 Clinical Characteristics of the Study Participants (n = 272) Admitted to UOGCSH, 2020

Variables	n (%)
Prematurity	82 (30)
Hyperbilirubinemia	54 (20)
Perinatal Asphyxia	51 (19)
Sepsis ± meningitis	241 (89)
Acute bleeding	6 (2)
ABO/RH hemolytic diseases	15 (6)
Subgaleal hemorrhage	20 (8)
RDS	29 (11)
Severe pneumonia	17 (6)

Abbreviation: RDS, respiratory distress syndrome.

Table 4 Bi-Variable and Multivariable Logistic Analysis of Factors Associated with Neonatal Anemia Among Newborns Admitted to UOGCSH, 2020 (N = 272)

Variables		Anemia	No Anemia	COR (95%, CI)	AOR (95%, CI)	P-value
Education status	Unable to read andwrite	10	24	1.44(0.58–3.56)	0.97(0.12–8.17)	0.982
	Grade 1–8	39	83	1.62(0.85–3.09)	1.19(0.17–8.44)	0.760
	Grade 8–12	15	21	1.62(0.85–3.10)	1.50(0.45–4.99)	0.439
	College & above	18	62	1	1
Maternal Anemia	Yes	38	21	6.95(3.71–13.02)	9.93(4.36–21.64)	<0.001*
	NO	44	109	1	1
Neonatal age	≤7 days	59	165	1	1
	> 7 days	23	25	2.57(1.36–4.88)	4.41(1.86–10.47)	<0.001*
Mode of delivery	Vaginal	63	151	1.33(0.63–2.78)	1.54(0.57–4.12)	0.990
	Instrument	8	4	6.36(1.60–25.25)	5.53(0.69–43.11)	0.154
	C/S	11	35	1	1
ANC	Yes	68	170	1.75(0.84–3.66)	0.97(0.34–2.80)	0.158
	No	14	20	1	1
APH	Yes	16	13	3.30(1.51–7.23)	4.05(1.54–10.70)	0.006*
	No	66	177	1	1
Fetus	Singleton	66	170	1	1	0.002*
	Multiple	16	20	2.06(1.10–4.22)	4.70(1.73–12.81)
Subgaleal hemorrhage	Yes	12	8	3.90(1.53–9.95)	7.56(1.87–30.60)	0.007*
	No	70	182	1	1
Hyperbilirubinemia	Yes	25	29	2.44(1.32–4.50)	3.84(1.58–9.31)	<0.001*
	No	57	161	1	1

Notes: *p-value < 0.05.

Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio.