Establishment of Reference Intervals of Blood Parameters Among the Healthy Afghan Population

Figures & data

Figure 1 Box-and-whisker graphs of blood parameters obtained by MedCalc statistical software. (A) is belong to female hemoglobin, most of the data is between 11.9 to 16, (B) is belong to male Hb, the data is normally distributed therefore the length of whiskers are similar and from graph it is clearly can be observed that the reference interval is between 13.7-17.7, (C) is belong to the female RBCs the data is normally distributed and the reference range clearly observed from the middle point of whiskers. (D) is representing the RBCs of male candidates, the majority of data is situated between 4.9 to 6.5. (E) is belonging to the female HCT, most of the data is situated between 34 to 47 and the data is not distributed normally. (F) is representative of male HCT the data is not distributed normally and most of the data is situated between 38 to 52. (G) is belong to the female RDW, the data is not distributed normally, (H) is representative of male RDW, the data is not distributed normally. (I) represents female MCV, data is not distributed normally, (J) represents MCV for male population, (K) represents MCH for female population, (L) represents MCH for male population, (M) represents MCHC for female population, (N) represents MCHC for female population.

Table 1 Statistical Analysis of Blood Parameters for the Determination of Reference Intervals

	Hb		RBC		HCT
	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male
Sample size	125	166	124	166	125	166
Lowest value	26.5	34.1	3.66	4.37	9.3	13.4
Highest value	56.3	56.5	6.28	7.26	18	19
Arithmetic mean	39.7928	45.43	4.9535	5.54	13.8	15.7
Median	39.2	45.4	4.88	5.51	13.7	15.7
Standard deviation	4.489	3.89	0.4415	0.46	1.3	1.02
Shapiro–Wilk test for normal distribution	W=0.9317 (p<0.0001) Normality test rejected	W=0.9784 Normality test rejected (p=0.010)	W=0.9854 Normality test accepted (p=0.203)	W=0.9786 Normality test rejected (p=0.011)	W=0.96 Normality test accepted (p=0.00)	W=0.988 Normality test accepted (p=0.2)

Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobin; RBC, red blood cell count; HCT, hematocrit.

Table 2 Lower Limit and Upper Limit of Reference Intervals of Blood Parameters, with 90% Confidence Intervals

	Hb		RBC		HCT
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Lower limit	13.7561	10.6000	4.5480	4.0838	36.2375	30.2000
90% CI	13.5290 to 13.9832	9.3000 to 11.8000	4.3700 to 4.8900	3.6600 to 4.3300	34.1000 to 39.1000	26.5000 to 34.4000
Upper limit	17.7740	17.3350	6.7082	6.0000	55.9300	53.8600
90% CI	17.5469 to 18.0012	16.0000 to 18.0000	6.3100 to 7.2600	5.6700 to 6.2800	52.1000 to 56.5000	47.0000 to 56.3000

Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobin; RBC, red blood cell count; HCT, hematocrit.

Table 3 Statistical Analysis of Blood Indices for the Determination of Reference Intervals

	MCV		MCHC		MCH
	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male
Sample size	125	166	124	166	125	166
Lowest value	59.8	66.7	32.3	31.6	19.9	22.7
Highest value	97.4	92.9	39.3	41.8	33.8	34.6
Arithmetic mean	79.8384	82.0849	34.9336	34.7313	27.912	28.5681
Median	80.5	82.4	34.7	34.7	28.1	28.6
Standard deviation	6.0887	4.0372	1.2449	1.314	2.4233	1.89
Shapiro–Wilk test	W=0.9260	W=0.9232	W=0.9697	W=0.9766	W=0.9260	W=0.9715
For normal distribution	Normality test rejected (p<0.0001)	Normality test rejected (p<0.0001)	Normality test rejected (p=0.0066)	Normality test rejected (p=0.0066)	Normality test rejected (p<0.0001)	Normality test rejected (p=0.0017)

Abbreviations: MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration.

Table 4 Lower Limit and Upper Limit of Reference Intervals of Blood Indices, with 90% Confidence Intervals

	MCHC g/dL		MCH pg		MCVfl
	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male
Lower limit	32.815	32.5	22.7	24.5225	64.4	72.745
90% CI	32.3000 to 33.1000	31.6000 to 32.8000	19.9000 to 23.3000	22.7000 to 25.6000	59.8000 to 67.9000	66.7000 to 76.0000
Upper limit	37.555	37.6	33.095	33.5375	94.2	90.7075
90% CI	37.3000 to 39.3000	36.8000 to 41.8000	31.0000 to 33.8000	31.3000 to 34.6000	86.6000 to 97.4000	88.6000 to 92.9000

Abbreviations: MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume.