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Original Research

The Pharmacobiochemical Effects of Ethanol Extract of Justicia secunda Vahl Leaves in Rattus Norvegicus

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Pages 423-437 | Published online: 02 Nov 2020

Figures & data

Figure 1 The Justicia secunda plant.

Figure 1 The Justicia secunda plant.

Table 1 Composition of the Plant Extract

Table 2 Effect of the Ethanolic Extracts of J. secunda on the Rats (Acute Toxicity Study)

Figure 2 Random blood glucose.

Notes: **Means very significant difference while ***Means extremely significant difference when compared to Group A.
Figure 2 Random blood glucose.

Figure 3 Liver function test (bilirubin levels). (A) Direct (unconjugated) bilirubin and (B) total bilirubin.

Figure 3 Liver function test (bilirubin levels). (A) Direct (unconjugated) bilirubin and (B) total bilirubin.

Figure 4 Liver function test (liver enzymes levels). (A) Alkaline phosphatase, (B) aspartate transferase and (C) alkaline transaminase.

Figure 4 Liver function test (liver enzymes levels). (A) Alkaline phosphatase, (B) aspartate transferase and (C) alkaline transaminase.

Figure 5 Lipid profile (A total cholesterol, B triglyceride, C high density lipoprotein, D low density lipoprotein).

Notes: **Means very significant while ***Means extremely significant difference compared to Group A.
Figure 5 Lipid profile (A total cholesterol, B triglyceride, C high density lipoprotein, D low density lipoprotein).

Figure 6 Kidney function (glomerular filtration). (A) Urea level, (B) creatinine level and (C) urea: creatinine ratio.

Note: ***Means extremely significant difference compared to Group A.
Figure 6 Kidney function (glomerular filtration). (A) Urea level, (B) creatinine level and (C) urea: creatinine ratio.

Figure 7 Kidney function (serum electrolytes concentration). (A) Potassium level, (B) sodium level, (C) bicarbonate level, (D) chloride level and (E) anion gap.

Notes: *Means significant while ***Means extremely significant difference compared to Group A.
Figure 7 Kidney function (serum electrolytes concentration). (A) Potassium level, (B) sodium level, (C) bicarbonate level, (D) chloride level and (E) anion gap.

Figure 8 Hematological result. (A) White blood cells, (B) hemoglobin and (C) packed cell volume.

Figure 8 Hematological result. (A) White blood cells, (B) hemoglobin and (C) packed cell volume.

Figure 9 Weight results of the animals. (A) Animals’ weight and (B) animals weight.

Figure 9 Weight results of the animals. (A) Animals’ weight and (B) animals weight.