Curcumin: a natural substance with potential efficacy in Alzheimer’s disease

Figures & data

Table 1 The effects of curcumin on mechanisms involved in the degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease

Mechanisms involved in degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease	Effects of curcumin
β-amyloid
• Increased production	• Decrease in β-amyloid^Citation117
• β-sheet formation	• Inhibition of sheet formation^Citation115,Citation116
• Neurotoxicity	• Decrease neuronal toxicity^Citation107
• NF-κB activation	• Decrease NF-κB activation^Citation30
• ERK1/2	• Decrease ERK-1/2 expression^Citation109
• γ-secretase activity	• Inhibit γ-secretase^Citation119
• Presenilin-1 mutation	• Modulate presenilin-1^Citation119
Oxidative stress
• IL-1β	• Decrease IL-1β^Citation123
• GSK-3β	• Decrease GSK-3β^Citation112
• Caspase-3	• Prevent β-amyloid induced increase^Citation110
• Akt	• Activate neuroprotective pathway^Citation110
	• Iron chelation^Citation120
	• Decrease phosphorylation
Other
• Iron
• Tau

Abbreviations: ERK-1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2; GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB.

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