Selecting patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for liver transplantation: incorporating tumor biology criteria

Figures & data

Table 1 Summary of serum biomarkers with prognostic capacity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma awaiting liver transplantation

Biomarker	Validation status	Selected references	n	Proposed threshold	Prognostic impact
AFP	Prospectively and externally validated	Vibert et al^Citation63	153	Δ15 ng/mL/month	Decreased survival
		Lai et al^Citation62	432		Tumor progression
		Mailey et al^Citation14	2,253	≥400 ng/mL	Decreased overall survival
		Duvoux et al^Citation24	972	>1,000 ng/mL	Higher tumor recurrence Microvascular invasion
		Berry and Ioannou^Citation18	45,267	>65 ng/mL	Higher mortality
DCP	Insufficient external validation	Taketomi et al^Citation43	90	<300 mAU/mL	Lower recurrence rates
		Takada and Uemoto^Citation44	136	≤400 mAU/mL	Increased survival
		Kim et al^Citation32	180	≥200 mAU/mL	Microvascular invasion
		Shindoh et al^Citation39	124	>450 mAU/mL
		Ma et al^Citation37	117	>40 mAU/mL
AFP-L3	Insufficient external validation	Cheng et al^Citation58	4,465	No agreement	Decreased survival
OPN	Preclinical stage	Sieghart et al^Citation61	125	No agreement	Higher recurrence rates
NLR	Insufficient external validation	Halazun et al^Citation45	150	≥5	Decreased survival
		Limaye et al^Citation46	160		Higher recurrence rates
		Xiao et al^Citation47	280	≥4
CTCs	Insufficient external validation	Xue et al^Citation136	40	≤5/7.5 mL	Increased recurrence-free survival Lower recurrence rates
		Sun et al^Citation129	123	≥2/7.5 mL
cfDNA	Preclinical stage	Ono et al^Citation139	46	No agreement	Microvascular invasion Decreased recurrence-free survival
		Liao et al^Citation140	41

Abbreviations: AFP-L3, Lens culinaris agglutinin fraction of alpha-fetoprotein; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; CTC, circulating tumor cells; DCP, Des-y-carboxyprothrombin; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; OPN, osteopontin; cfDNA, cell-free DNA.

VibertEAzoulayDHotiEProgression of alphafetoprotein before liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients: a critical factorAm J Transplant201010112913720070666

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

LaiQAvolioAWGraziadeiIAlpha-fetoprotein and modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors progression after locoregional therapy as predictors of hepatocellular cancer recurrence and death after transplantationLiver Transpl201319101108111823873764

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

MaileyBArtinyanAKhaliliJEvaluation of absolute serum α-fetoprotein levels in liver transplant for hepatocellular cancerArch Surg20111461263321242442

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

DuvouxCRoudot-ThoravalFDecaensTLiver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a model including α-fetoprotein improves the performance of Milan criteriaGastroenterology2012143498699422750200

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

BerryKIoannouGNSerum alpha-fetoprotein level independently predicts posttransplant survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinomaLiver Transpl201319663464523536495

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

TaketomiASanefujiKSoejimaYImpact of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and tumor size on the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after living donor liver transplantationTransplantation200987453153719307789

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

TakadaYUemotoSLiver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: the Kyoto experienceJ Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci201017552753219707711

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

KimJMHyuckCKwonDProtein induced by vitamin K antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) is a reliable prognostic factor in small hepatocellular carcinomaWorld J Surg20133761371137823443153

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

ShindohJSugawaraYNagataREvaluation methods for pre-transplant oncologic markers and their prognostic impacts in patient undergoing living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinomaTranspl Int201427439139824472068

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

MaXLZhuJWuJSignificance of PIVKA-II levels for predicting microvascular invasion and tumor cell proliferation in Chinese patients with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinomaOncol Lett20181568396840429805574

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

ChengJWangWZhangYPrognostic role of pre-treatment serum AFP-L3% in hepatocellular carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysisPLoS One201491e8701124498011

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

SieghartWWangXSchmidKOsteopontin expression predicts overall survival after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients beyond the Milan criteriaJ Hepatol2011541899720970216

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

HalazunKJHardyMARanaAANegative impact of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio on outcome after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinomaAnn Surg2009250114115119561458

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

LimayeARClarkVSoldevila-PicoCNeutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts overall and recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinomaHepatol Res201343775776423193965

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

XiaoGQLiuCLiuDLYangJYYanLNNeutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantationWorld J Gastroenterol201319458398840724363533

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

XueFShiSZhangZApplication of a novel liquid biopsy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver transplantationOncol Lett20181545481548829552189

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

SunYFXuYYangXRCirculating stem cell-like epithelial cell adhesion molecule-positive tumor cells indicate poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resectionHepatology20135741458146823175471

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

OnoAFujimotoAYamamotoYCirculating tumor DNA analysis for liver cancers and Its usefulness as a liquid biopsyCell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol20151551653428210698

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

LiaoWYangHXuHNoninvasive detection of tumor-associated mutations from circulating cell-free DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma patients by targeted deep sequencingOncotarget2016726404814049027248174

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar