Associations Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Hypoxia-Related Genes and Capsule Formation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographical Characteristics and Clinical Data of the Patients

Variables	Capsule (n=88)	Non-Capsule (n=95)	P value
Demographics
Age (y, Mean ± SD)	58.68 ± 10.63	59.48 ± 10.48	0.61
Gender (Male/Female)	68/20	79/16	0.32
Cirrhosis	74 (84.1%)	87 (91.6%)	0.12
HBV DNA (copies) (<1000/≥1000)	73/15	80/13	0.57
Child-Pugh class (A/B/C)	79/8/1	71/23/1	> 0.05
BCLC stage (0/A/B/C/D)	6/24/28/29/1	13/16/30/35/1	0.79
Tumor
Tumor number (Solitary/Multinodular)	46/42	43/52	0.34
Maximum tumor diameter (cm)	4.6 (3.2−7.0)	3.7 (2.3−6.5)	0.10
Vascular invasion	20 (22.7%)	29 (30.5%)	0.23
Extrahepatic metastasis	11 (12.5%)	10 (10.5%)	0.68
Laboratory test
ALT (U/L) (≤50/>50)	74/14	75/20	0.37
AST (U/L) (≤40/>40)	59/29	63/32	0.92
TBIL (μmol/L) (≤17.1/>17.1)	52/36	45/50	0.11
ALB (g/L) (<40/≥40)	56/32	71/24	0.10
AFP (ng/mL)	59.7 (5.4−1260.0)	23.3 (3.4−1397.0)	0.62
Treatment
Minimally invasive interventional therapy	86 (97.7%)	87 (91.6%)	0.13
Surgical resection	8 (9.1%)	9 (9.5%)	0.93
TKI	34 (38.6%)	36 (37.9%)	0.92
Immunotherapy	13 (14.8%)	14 (14.7%)	> 0.99
Radiotherapy	1 (1.1%)	3 (3.2%)	0.67

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL, total bilirubin; ALB, albumin; AFP, alpha fetoprotein; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Figure 1 Logistic regression analysis of associations between the alleles of selected SNPs and capsule formation.

Figure 2 Logistic regression analysis of associations between the genotypes of selected SNPs and capsule formation.

Figure 3 Survival analysis by different genotypes. STAT1 rs2066802 (A), STAT1 rs12693591 (B), and HIF1A rs2057482 (C) in the capsule group. CTNNB1 rs4135385 (D), IFNG rs1861494 (E), and SERPINE1 rs2227631 (F) in the non-capsule group.

Figure 4 Haplotype block structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of SLC2A1.

Figure 5 Haplotype block structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of STAT1.

Figure 6 Proposed mechanism affecting capsule formation and HCC prognosis. One-way arrows represent unidirectional effects and two-way arrows represent bidirectional interactive relationships.