Workplace Belonging of Women Healthcare Professionals Relates to Likelihood of Leaving

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics of Survey Participants (N = 366)

	n	%
Gender
Woman	361	98.6
Man	0	0.0
Non-binary	1	0.3
Prefer not to say	2	0.5
Other	0	0.0
No response	2	0.5
Race/Ethnicity
Black, African American, African, or Afro-Caribbean	26	7.1
East Asian or Asian American	32	8.7
Latinx or Hispanic American	23	6.3
Middle Eastern or Arab American	6	1.6
Pacific Islander American	4	1.1
Native American or Alaskan Native	0	0.0
South Asian or Indian American	32	8.7
White or European American	227	62.0
Multiple Races	7	1.9
Other	6	1.6
No response	3	0.8
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual/Straight	326	89.1
LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer)	22	6.0
Prefer not to say	11	3.0
Other	0	0.0
No response	7	1.9
Age (years)
< 30	5	1.4
30–39	102	27.9
40–49	169	46.2
50–59	80	21.9
60–69	10	2.7
> 69	0	0.0
Primary role in workplace
Clinician	230	62.8
Researcher	27	7.4
Administrator	26	7.1
Educator	10	2.7
Leadership	46	12.6
Other	25	6.8
No response	2	0.5
Primary work setting
University/Academic Medical Center	208	56.8
Nonacademic Medical Center/Hospital	92	25.1
Government/Veterans Administration	16	4.4
Private or Community Practice	29	7.9
Industry	4	1.1
Research Center	0	0.0
Other	15	4.1
No response	2	0.5
Primary workplace in United States
Yes	335	91.5
No	29	7.9
No response	2	0.5
Years working in current workplace
< 1	27	7.4
1–5	138	37.7
6–10	89	24.3
11–20	87	23.8
> 20	25	6.8
Annual salary (dollars)
< 100K	23	6.3
101–200K	106	29.0
201–300K	115	31.4
301–400K	77	21.0
401–500K	31	8.5
> 500K	9	2.5
No response	5	1.4
Working hours per week
1–10	1	0.3
11–20	1	0.3
21–30	14	3.8
31–40	65	17.8
41–50	177	48.4
51–60	68	18.6
> 60	39	10.7
No response	1	0.3

Table 2 Survey on Belonging and Likelihood of Leaving

In my current workplace, I am..... (Please select all aspects of belonging you are experiencing)

□ Feeling valued by my colleagues

□ Feeling valued by my supervisor(s)

□ Feeling psychologically safe

□ Believing that I am being treated equitably

□ Having input into work-related policies

□ Feeling empowered to contribute to the success of my workplace

□ Seeing diversity and inclusion

□ Believing I can thrive professionally

□ Believing that my professional advancement is supported

□ Believing that my personal values are consistent with the values of my workplace

□ I am not experiencing any aspect of belonging listed above

How likely are you to leave your current workplace within 2 years?

□ Extremely likely

□ Very likely

□ Moderately likely

□ Slightly likely

□ Not likely

Figure 1 Distribution of belonging factors experienced by survey participants in their current healthcare workplace. (A) Frequency of experiencing each of the 10 belonging factors. (B) Frequency in the number of belonging factors experienced.

Figure 2 Likelihood of leaving in relation to the number of belonging factors experienced (A) and years working in current workplace for URM versus non-URM adjusted for the cumulative experience of workplace belonging (B).

Notes: Shaded area in (A) represents 95% CI about expected likelihood of leaving.

Table 3 Ranking of Predictors by Dominance Analysis

Predictor	Base Model		Alternative Model 1		Alternative Model 2		Alternative Model 3
	Ranking	BF Ranking	Ranking	BF Ranking	Ranking	BF Ranking	Ranking	BF Ranking
BF-1	11	10	12	10	11	10	10	10
BF-2	7	6	9	7	4	3	2	2
BF-3	4	3	5	3	3	2	4	4
BF-4	6	5	7	5	8	7	7	7
BF-5	3	2	4	2	5	4	3	3
BF-6	5	4	6	4	6	5	6	6
BF-7	10	9	10	8	10	9	8	8
BF-8	1	1	3	1	2	1	1	1
BF-9	9	9	11	9	9	8	9	9
BF-10	8	7	8	6	7	6	5	5
Set	2		2
Cum BF			1		1

Notes: BF, Belonging factor; BF-1, Feeling valued by my colleagues; BF-2, Feeling valued by my supervisor(s); BF-3, Feeling psychologically safe; BF-4, Believing that I am being treated equitably; BF-5, Having input into work-related policies; BF-6, Feeling empowered to contribute to the success of my workplace; BF-7, Seeing diversity and inclusion; BF-8, Believing I can thrive professionally; BF-9, Believing that my professional advancement is supported; BF-10, Believing that my personal values are consistent with the values of my workplace; Set, set of 3 variables (URM status, years in the current workplace, their interaction); Cum BF, cumulative workplace belonging; Ranking, direct output of dominance analysis; BF ranking, rank provided by dominance analysis excluding any independent variable other than a belonging factor.