Age Related Cognitive Function Was Positively Associated with Diastolic Pressure and Negatively Associated with Antibody Expression in Chinese Oldest-Old and Centenarian Adults

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flow chart of the participant selection process.

Table 1 Demographic and Blood Analysis Data for Individuals with and without ARCD

Characteristic	With ARCD (n=740)	Without ARCD (n=216)	P
Age (year)	100 (85, 102)	85 (82, 100)	<0.001
Sex, n (%)			<0.001
Male	197 (26.6)	104 (48.1)
Female	543 (73.4)	112 (51.9)
Ethnicity, n (%)			0.035
Han	651 (88.0)	201 (93.1)
Other	89 (12.0)	15 (6.9)
Education level, n (%)			<0.001
Illiteracy	633 (85.5)	151 (69.9)
Elementary school level	72 (9.7)	47 (21.7)
Junior high school level	35 (4.8)	18 (8.4)
Stroke, n (%)	14 (1.9)	1 (0.5)	0.137
Diabetes, n (%)	46 (6.2)	15 (6.9)	0.700
Coronary artery disease, n (%)	34 (4.6)	18 (8.3)	0.033
BMI (Kg/m^2)	19 (17, 22)	20 (18, 22)	0.001
MMSE	10 (6, 13)	23 (20, 26)	<0.001
Systolic pressure (mmHg)	150 (133, 169)	148 (133, 170)	0.796
Diastolic pressure (mmHg)	77 (70, 86)	79 (72, 90)	0.017
ALT (U/L)	10.7 (8.4, 14.4)	12.1 (9.6, 15.9)	<0.001
AST (U/L)	21.5 (18.5, 25.5)	21.7 (18.9, 26.3)	0.355
Scr (umol/L)	80 (66, 98)	84 (64, 99)	0.528
UN (mmol/L)	5.5 (4.4, 7.0)	5.6 (4.7, 6.8)	0.790
UA (umol/L)	328.5 (266.0, 389.0)	348.5 (293.1, 404.8)	0.008
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	1.05 (0.83, 1.50)	1.06 (0.78, 1.47)	0.406
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.40 (1.14, 1.69)	1.39 (1.18, 1.64)	0.775
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.88 (2.37, 3.48)	2.90 (2.41, 3.57)	0.430
Immunoglobulin A (mg/dl)	330 (254, 414)	334 (246, 426)	0.757
Immunoglobulin G (mg/dl)	1535 (1343, 1770)	1515 (1310, 1740)	0.227
Immunoglobulin M (mg/dl)	106 (74, 145)	97 (69, 137)	0.130
Immunoglobulin E (IU/mL)	220 (71, 784)	222 (63, 597)	0.713
Complement C3 (mg/dl)	105 (90, 120)	105 (92, 119)	0.881
Complement C4 (mg/dl)	25 (20, 31)	24 (20, 31)	0.477
Immunoglobulin light chain KAP (mg/dl)	399 (336, 459)	370 (321, 438)	0.004
Immunoglobulin light chain LAM (mg/dl)	206 (174, 244)	204 (178, 229)	0.529
Anti-cardiolipin antibody (RU/mL)	2.30 (2.00, 3.44)	2.00 (2.00, 3.79)	0.184
Anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibody (RU/mL)	4.10 (2.00, 6.78)	3.29 (2.00, 6.29)	0.019
Anti-ribonucleoprotein antibody, n (%)	731 (98.8)	216 (100)	0.103
Anti-Sm antibody, n (%)	735 (99.3)	214 (99.1)	0.704
Anti-Sjogren syndrome antigen A antibody, n (%)	680 (91.9)	204 (94.4)	0.211
Anti-Sjogren syndrome antigen B antibody, n (%)	733 (99.1)	214 (99.1)	0.979
Anti-scleroderma-70 antibody, n (%)	736 (99.5)	211 (97.7)	0.018
Anti-mitochondrial antibody, n (%)	721 (97.4)	212 (98.1)	0.546
Proliferating-cell nuclear antigen antibody, n (%)	727 (98.2)	210 (97.2)	0.344
Anti-Jo-1 antibody, n (%)	731 (98.8)	214 (99.1)	0.725
Anti-centromere antibody, n (%)	728 (98.4)	211 (97.7)	0.498
Anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody, n (%)	709 (95.8)	204 (94.4)	0.394
Anti-nucleosome antibody, n (%)	738 (99.7)	215 (99.5)	0.656
Anti-histone antibody, n (%)	726 (98.1)	212 (98.1)	0.970
Anti-ribosomal P-protein antibody, n (%)	729 (98.5)	214 (99.1)	0.531
Anti-pm-scl antibody, n (%)	738 (99.7)	214 (99.1)	0.189

Abbreviations: ARCD, age related cognitive decline; BMI, body mass index; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; Scr, serum creatinine; UN, urea nitrogen, UA, uric acid; HDL-C, high density lipid cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipid cholesterol.

Table 2 Factors Associated with ARCF in Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis of Oldest-Old and Centenarian Adults

Factor	Exp (B)	95% CI	P
Age (years)	−0.220	−0.270–−0.169	<0.001
Female, n (%)	−3.459	−4.458–−2.460	<0.001
Other ethnicity, n (%)	−1.732	−2.693–−0.772	<0.001
Stroke, n (%)	−1.924	−5.182–1.333	0.247
Diabetes, n (%)	1.164	−0.510–2.837	0.173
Coronary artery disease, n (%)	1.957	0.170–3.744	0.032
BMI (Kg/m^2)	0.017	−0.107–0.141	0.785
Systolic pressure (mmHg)	0.000	−0.020–0.021	0.990
Diastolic pressure (mmHg)	0.041	0.002–0.079	0.040
ALT (U/L)	0.067	−0.011–0.144	0.091
AST (U/L)	−0.034	−0.105–0.038	0.355
Scr (umol/L)	−0.019	−0.037–−0.001	0.036
UN (mmol/L)	0.105	−0.072–0.281	0.246
UA (umol/L)	0.005	0.000–0.010	0.060
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	−0.413	−1.116–0.290	0.250
HDL-C (mmol/L)	0.384	0.654–1.422	0.468
LDL-C (mmol/L)	0.231	−0.272–0.735	0.368
Immunoglobulin A (mg/dl)	0.001	−0.002–0.004	0.422
Immunoglobulin G (mg/dl)	0.000	−0.002–0.003	0.739
Immunoglobulin M (mg/dl)	−0.001	−0.008–0.005	0.700
Immunoglobulin E (IU/mL)	−2.3390E-5	0.000–0.000	0.792
Complement C3 (mg/dl)	−0.003	−0.023–0.018	0.805
Complement C4 (mg/dl)	−0.030	−0.080–0.019	0.232
Immunoglobulin light chain KAP (mg/dl)	−0.008	−0.015–0.000	0.040
Immunoglobulin light chain LAM (mg/dl)	0.002	−0.009–0.012	0.758
Anti-cardiolipin antibody (RU/mL)	−0.051	−0.111–0.009	0.097
Anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibody (RU/mL)	0.009	−0.036–0.053	0.695
Anti-ribonucleoprotein antibody, n (%)	−6.393	−10.898–−1.887	0.005
Anti-Sm antibody, n (%)	4.099	−1.163–9.362	0.127
Anti-Sjogren syndrome antigen A antibody, n (%)	0.649	−0.905–2.202	0.413
Anti-Sjogren syndrome antigen B antibody, n (%)	−0.670	−4.911–3.572	0.757
Anti-scleroderma-70 antibody, n (%)	1.530	−2.636–5.695	0.471
Anti-mitochondrial antibody, n (%)	0.006	−2.627–2.639	0.996
Proliferating-cell nuclear antigen antibody, n (%)	0.288	−2.645–3.220	0.847
Anti-Jo-1 antibody, n (%)	0.438	−3.358–4.235	0.821
Anti-centromere antibody, n (%)	0.153	−2.862–3.167	0.921
Anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody, n (%)	0.991	−0.968–2.950	0.321
Anti-nucleosome antibody, n (%)	0.855	−6.270–7.980	0.814
Anti-histone antibody, n (%)	0.302	−2.630–3.234	0.840
Anti-ribosomal P-protein antibody, n (%)	−1.314	−4.771–2.143	0.456
Anti-pm-scl antibody, n (%)	2.669	−3.496–8.835	0.396

Abbreviations: ARCF, age related cognitive function; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; Scr, serum creatinine; UN, urea nitrogen, UA, uric acid; HDL-C, high density lipid cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipid cholesterol.