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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Sarcoplasmic Myxovirus Resistance Protein A: A Study of Expression in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy

ORCID Icon, , , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, & show all
Pages 5417-5426 | Received 24 Aug 2023, Accepted 31 Oct 2023, Published online: 20 Nov 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1 (a) Study flow chart. (b) Patients categorization chart.

Abbreviations: ASS, anti-synthetase syndrome; DM, dermatomyositis; IBM, inclusion body myositis; IIM, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; IMNM, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy; MD, muscular dystrophy; OM, overlap myositis; PM, polymyositis; UM, unspecified myopathy.
Figure 1 (a) Study flow chart. (b) Patients categorization chart.

Figure 2 Representative immunohistochemical staining of MxA in muscle biopsies. Positive expression was defined by unequivocal sarcoplasmic staining in only intact fiber, not a regenerating or degenerated/necrotic fiber. (a) MxA negativity. (b) Moderate MxA positivity and perifascicular area pattern. (c) Strong MxA positivity and perifascicular area pattern (b and c in dermatomyositis patients). (d) Weak MxA positivity and non-perifascicular area pattern, positive fibers labeled with black arrow (in overlap myositis patient).

Figure 2 Representative immunohistochemical staining of MxA in muscle biopsies. Positive expression was defined by unequivocal sarcoplasmic staining in only intact fiber, not a regenerating or degenerated/necrotic fiber. (a) MxA negativity. (b) Moderate MxA positivity and perifascicular area pattern. (c) Strong MxA positivity and perifascicular area pattern (b and c in dermatomyositis patients). (d) Weak MxA positivity and non-perifascicular area pattern, positive fibers labeled with black arrow (in overlap myositis patient).

Table 1 Demographic Data, Diagnosis and Myositis-Specific Autoantibodies of 138 Patients

Table 2 The Details of MxA Staining on Muscle Biopsy Specimens of Patients with Different Diagnosis

Figure 3 Necrotic fibers features on MxA and other IHCs. Sarcoplasmic MxA expression interpretation should be rigorous. (a) Five atrophic/shrinkage fibers with pale cytoplasmic stain were identified on H&E, 20X (black arrows). (b) The fibers revealed equivocal sarcoplasmic expression on MxA (black arrows). (c) The corresponding fibers revealed strong/clumping stained on MAC, 20X (black arrows). (d) Strong sarcoplasmic utrophin upregulation, 20X (black arrows). All stains represented that they were degenerated/necrotic fibers.

Figure 3 Necrotic fibers features on MxA and other IHCs. Sarcoplasmic MxA expression interpretation should be rigorous. (a) Five atrophic/shrinkage fibers with pale cytoplasmic stain were identified on H&E, 20X (black arrows). (b) The fibers revealed equivocal sarcoplasmic expression on MxA (black arrows). (c) The corresponding fibers revealed strong/clumping stained on MAC, 20X (black arrows). (d) Strong sarcoplasmic utrophin upregulation, 20X (black arrows). All stains represented that they were degenerated/necrotic fibers.