A Cohort Study on the Correlation Between Serum Uric Acid Trajectory and New-Onset Hypertension Based on Longitudinal Health Examination Data in Henan Area

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flow of study population and selection criteria.

Figure 2 SUA trajectory grouping.

Table 1 Comparison of Baseline Data of Different SUA Trajectories

	Total	Low Stability SUA Group	Medium Stability SUA Group	High Stability SUA Group	F/χ^2	P value
Gender (male/female)	2505/1867	356/1387	1474/455^a	675/25^ab	1694.7	<0.001
Age (year,)	46.27±12.26	45.92±11.89	47.13±12.62^a	44.78±12^ab	10.69	<0.001
WC (cm,)	83.23±9.76	77.27±8.25	85.72±8.31^a	91.24±8.11^ab	871.701	<0.001
SBP (mmHg,)	116.75±11.22	113.95±11.62	118.06±10.79^a	120.12±9.67^ab	103.943	<0.001
DBP (mmHg,)	71.57±8.32	69.2±8.3	72.61±7.95^a	74.63±7.8^ab	141.663	<0.001
BMI (Kg/m^2,)	23.96±2.94	22.73±2.65	24.37±2.7^a	25.88±2.93^ab	375.389	<0.001
Hb (g/L,)	142.46±15.4	133.14±14.67	147.38±13.01^a	152.14±10.15^ab	744.947	<0.001
ALT [U/ L, M(Q1, Q3)]	18(13,25)	14(11,19)	19(14,27) ^a	24(18,35) ^ab	637.796	<0.001
AST [U/ L, M(Q1, Q3)]	19(16,23)	18(15,21)	20(17,24) ^a	21(18,26) ^ab	224.511	<0.001
GGT [U/ L, M(Q1, Q3)]	19(13,28)	14(10,19)	20(15,31) ^a	28(20,45) ^ab	950.315	<0.001
Cre (μmoI/L,)	71.57±14.27	62.48±10.93	75.92±12.73^a	82.2±12.57^ab	899.065	<0.001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m^2,)	102.66±12.82	105.43±12.08	101.2±12.57^a	99.82±13.98^ab	72.631	<0.001
TC (mmoI/L,)	4.62±0.87	4.57±0.84	4.61±0.87	4.75±0.92^ab	11.011	<0.001
TG (mmoI/L,)	1.46±1.14	1.11±0.74	1.54±1.06^a	2.14±1.7^ab	236.505	<0.001
HDL-C (mmoI/L,)	1.35±0.35	1.51±0.36	1.28±0.31^a	1.16±0.28^ab	384.165	<0.001
LDL-C (mmoI/L,)	2.88±0.76	2.77±0.74	2.93±0.76^a	3.02±0.78^ab	35.071	<0.001
FPG (mmoI/L,)	5.17±0.91	5.07±0.95	5.24±0.93^a	5.24±0.74^a	17.76	<0.001
HbA1c (%,)	5.62±0.51	5.61±0.5	5.64±0.55	5.61±0.44	1.584	0.205

Notes: a: Compared with low stability group, P<0.001; b: Compared with medium stability group, P<0.001.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; Hb, hemoglobin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GGT, γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase; Cre, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.

Table 2 Single Factor Cox Regression Results of Hypertension Risk

	β	SE	Wald χ^2	P value	HR (95% CI)
Gender
Female					1.000
Male	0.795	0.121	6.553	<0.001	2.215(1.746~2.809)
Age(year)	0.038	0.004	9.353	<0.001	1.039(1.031~1.047)
WC(cm)	0.042	0.005	7.895	<0.001	1.043(1.032~1.054)
BMI(Kg/m^2)	0.121	0.016	7.529	<0.001	1.129(1.094~1.165)
Hb(g/L)	0.024	0.038	6.357	<0.001	1.024(1.017~1.032)
ALT (U/ L)	0.007	0.016	4.032	<0.001	1.007(1.003~1.010)
AST (U/ L)	0.014	0.003	4.526	<0.001	1.014(1.008~1.021)
GGT(U/ L)	0.004	0.001	5.005	<0.001	1.004(1.003~1.006)
Cre(μmoI/L)	0.011	0.002	5.894	<0.001	1.012(1.008~1.015)
eGFR(mL/min/1.73m^2)	−0.023	0.003	−7.285	<0.001	0.977(0.971~0.983)
TC(mmoI/L)	0.087	0.050	1.745	0.081	1.091(0.989~1.204)
TG(mmoI/L)	0.118	0.025	4.786	<0.001	1.125(1.072~1.181)
HDL-C(mmoI/L)	−1.315	0.179	53.876	<0.001	0.269(0.189~0.382)
LDL-C(mmoI/L)	0.132	0.067	1.964	0.049	1.141(1.000~1.303)
FPG(mmoI/L)	0.179	0.032	5.593	<0.001	1.197(1.124~1.275)
HbA1c(%)	0.446	0.077	5.772	<0.001	1.563(1.343~1.819)

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; Hb, hemoglobin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GGT, γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase; Cre, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.

Table 3 Risk Model of Hypertension in Different SUA Trajectories

Model	HR (95% CI)	P value
Model 1
Low stability group	1.000
Medium stability group	2.196 (1.688~2.858)	<0.001
High stable group	2.790 (2.060~3.777)	<0.001
Model 2
Low stability group	1.000
Medium stability group	1.654 (1.225~2.234)	0.001
High stability group	2.112 (1.475~3.023)	<0.001
Model 3
Low stability group	1.000
Medium stability group	1.486 (1.098~2.011)	0.010
High stability group	1.703 (1.174~2.471)	0.005
Model 4
Low stability group	1.000
Medium stability group	1.442 (1.062~1.957)	0.019
High stability group	1.642 (1.114~2.420)	0.012

Notes: Model 1: no adjustment; Model 2: adjust age and sex; Model 3: adjust age, sex, WC and BMI; Model 4: adjust age, gender, WC, BMI, Hb, ALT, AST, GGT, eGFR, Cre, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FPG and HbA1c.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; Hb, hemoglobin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GGT, γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase; Cre, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.

Figure 3 Multifactor COX proportional risk regression analysis.

Notes: *or**asterisk represented P value <0.05 or 0.01 respectively; β: regression coefficient.

Abbreviations: SE, standard error; Wald χ², Wald chi-squared value; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; Hb, hemoglobin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GGT, γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase; Cre, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; SUA, serum uric acid.