Buerger’s disease: providing integrated care

Figures & data

Table 1 Diagnostic criteria for TAO

Disease onset before the age of 50 years

Smoking

Absence of other atherosclerotic risk factors

Infrapopliteal arterial occlusions

Upper limb involvement or phlebitis migrans

Note: Data from Shionoya⁴³

Abbreviation: TAO, thromboangiitis obliterans.

Figure 1 Angiographic pattern of Buerger’s disease in a young male patient.

Notes: (A) the proximal crural angiography and (B) the distal crural angiography of the same patient. The typical angiographic pattern of TAO consists of smooth vessels without calcifications, vasospasm, distally located multi-segmental vessel occlusions, cutoff occlusions, corkscrew collaterals often combined with the Martorell’s sign (ie, the formation of collateral vessels within the occluded lumen of the affected vessel), and a no-refill phenomenon of the original vessel.⁴²
Abbreviation: TAO, thromboangiitis obliterans.

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