The association of sociodemographic characteristics and sexual risk behaviors with health literacy toward behaviors for preventing unintended pregnancy among university students

Figures & data

Table 1 Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics

Sociodemographic characteristics	Number (n=418)	Percentage
Age (years)
$\overline{x}=20.0$, SD=1.3, Min=18, Max=24
¯Grade average point
<2.5	117	28.0
≥2.5	301	72.0
Parent marital status
Separated	108	25.8
Married	310	74.2
Current residence type
Dormitory outside the university	312	74.6
Dormitory in the university	106	25.4
Average income per month (baht)
$\overline{x}=7348.80$, SD=3482.70, Min=2000.00, Max	=30000.00
¯Have had a boyfriend
Yes	175	41.9
No	243	58.1
Hugging and kissing experience
Yes	232	55.5
No	186	44.5
Previous sexual intercourse (vaginal)
Yes	129	30.9
No	289	69.1

Table 2 Participants’ health literacy to prevent unintended pregnancy

Health literacy to prevent unintended pregnancy	Number (n=418)	Percentage
Inappropriate (score <76)	202	48.3
Appropriate (score ≥76)	216	51.7
$\overline{x}=75.77$, SD=10.02, Min=38, Max=100

Table 3 Participants’ behavior to prevent unintended pregnancy

Behavior to prevent unintended pregnancy	Number (n=418)	Percentage
Inappropriate (score <46)	193	46.2
Appropriate (score ≥46)	225	53.8
$\overline{x}=46.59$, SD=7.708, Min=26, Max=68

Table 4 Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and health literacy toward behavior to prevent unintended pregnancy among university students (chi-square tests)

Factors	n (%)	Behavior to prevent unintended pregnancy		χ^2	p-value
		Appropriate (n=225, 53.8%)	Inappropriate (n=193, 46.2%)
Age (years)				1.014	0.314
≤20	247 (59.1)	138	109
>20	171 (40.9)	87	84
$\overline{x}=20.0$, SD=1.3, Min=18, Max=24
Grade point average				0.187	0.665
<2.5	117 (28.0)	61	56
≥2.5	301 (72.0)	164	137
Parent marital status				2.557	0.110
Separated	108 (25.8)	51	57
Married	310 (74.2)	174	136
Current residence type				10.035	0.002
Dormitory outside the university	312 (74.6)	181	129
Dormitory in the university or staying with parents	106 (25.4)	44	64
$\overline{x}=75.778$, SD=10.027, Min=38, Max=100
Average income per month (baht)				2.593	0.107
≤5,000	138 (33.0)	82	56
>5,000	280 (67.0)	143	137
$\overline{x}=7348.8$, SD= 3482.7, Min=2000.0, Max=30000.0
Having a boyfriend				5.885	0.015
Yes	175 (41.9)	82	93
No	243 (58.1)	143	100
Hugging and kissing experience				8.630	0.003
Yes	232 (55.5)	110	122
No	186 (44.5)	115	71
Previous sexual intercourse (vaginal)				26.942	<0.001
Yes	129 (30.9)	45	84
No	289 (69.1)	180	109
Access to health information and health services to prevent unintended pregnancy				0.007	0.933
Poor	272 (65.1)	146	126
Good	146 (34.9)	79	67
$\overline{x}=9.6$, SD=1.8, Min=4.0, Max=15.0
Cognitive health to prevent unintended pregnancy				10.177	0.001
Poor	302 (72.2)	148	154
Good	116 (27.8)	77	39
$\overline{x}=22.2$, SD=3.4, Min=11.0, Max=30.0
Communication skills in enhancing skills to prevent unintended pregnancy				1.139	0.286
Poor	308 (73.7)	161	147
Good	110 (26.3)	64	46
$\overline{x}=9.6$, SD=2.6, Min=2.0, Max=15.0			46
Decision-making skills in choosing appropriate practice to prevent unintended pregnancy				65.121	<0.001
Poor	270 (64.6)	106	164
Good	148 (35.4)	119	29
$\overline{x}=10.1$, SD=2.9, Min=0, Max=15
Self-management to prevent unintended pregnancy				24.485	<0.001
Poor	280 (67.0)	127	153
Good	138 (33.0)	98	40
$\overline{x}=12.1$, SD=2.8, Min=0, Max=15
Media and information literacy to prevent unintended pregnancy				6.974	0.008
Poor	287 (68.7)	142	145
Good	131 (31.3)	83	48
$\overline{x}=11.8$, SD=2.8, Min=0.0, Max=15.0

Table 5 Binary logistic regression analysis of factors associated with sociodemographic characteristics and health literacy toward behavior to prevent unintended pregnancy among university students

Factors	n	Appropriate, n (%)	OR
			Crude OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI
Current residential type
Dormitory outside the university	310	181 (58.4)	Ref		Ref
Dormitory in the university or staying with parents	108	44 (40.7)	0.490*	0.314–0.765*	1.897*	1.123–3.205*
Previous sexual intercourse (vaginal)
Yes	129	45 (34.9)	Ref		Ref
No	289	180 (62.3)	3.083*	1.999–4.754*	3.263*	1.735–6.139*
Cognitive health to prevent unintended pregnancy	418	225 (53.8)	1.142*	1.076–1.211*	1.095*	1.019–1.176*
Decision-making skills in choosing appropriate practice to prevent unintended pregnancy	418	225 (53.8)	1.363*	1.257–1.479*	1.289*	1.182–1.405*
Self-management to prevent unintended pregnancy	418	225 (53.8)	1.220*	1.131–1.316*	1.113*	1.005–1.232*

Note:

* p<0.05.

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference group.