Distribution of non-motor symptoms in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and secondary Parkinsonism

Figures & data

Figure 1 The Parkinson’s Well-Being Map™ (The English version of the WBM™ is a trademark of UCB Pharma S.p.A. ©2013 UCB Pharma S.p.A. All rights reserved) categories of symptom complexes illustrated by different colors.

Notes: “No symptoms” are registered as the first state in the columns and illustrated with a zero in the graph. Parkinson’s Well-Being Map™. Available from: http://www.ucb.com/patients/Support-tools/Parkinson-s-Well-Being-Map/well-being-map.²⁴

Figure 2 Inclusion and exclusion of participants into the study.

Abbreviations: IPD, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease; SP, secondary Parkinsonism.

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

	Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease n/mean age in years	Secondary Parkinsonism n/mean age in years	Controls n/mean age in years	Total (n)
Females	36/74	21/70	36/78	93/74
Males	37/72	32/74	23/76	92/74
Total	73/73	53/71	59/77	185/74
	Durationa	Durationa
Total	6/(4/9)	4/(2/6)	–

Note:

a Values are given as medians/25th and 75th percentiles.

Table 2 Dopamine replacement therapy and comorbidity of study patients expressed by drug profiles

Diagnosis/age	Female/male (n)	Levodopa (n) (mg)a	Dopamine agonists (n)	NMDA inhibitor (n)	Advanced therapyb (n)	Neuroleptics (n)	Anxiolytics (n)	Antidepressants (n)
IPD >75 years	15/11	14/11 725/450	4/4	3/6	1/1	2/1	3/6	7/1
SP >75 years	12/13	8/7 150/275	2/5	1/0	0/0	3/5	4/6	6/3
IPD ≤75 years	12/18	12/18 525/550	8/7	3/7	1/3	0/0	2/1	2/2
SP ≤75 years	10/11	8/8 300/450	2/4	0/1	0/0	1/2	5/1	4/1
		Antidiabetics (n)	Antihypertensive drugs (n)	Antiorthostaic drugs (n)	Laxatives (n)	Vitamin B12/folic acid (n)	Analgesics (n)	Drugs for insomnia
IPD >75 years	15/11	1/0	2/4	2/2	9/8	8/4	11/2	3/2
SP >75 years	12/13	3/3	8/3	0/1	5/6	4/4	10/6	5/0
IPD ≤75 years	12/18	0/1	4/4	0/1	5/11	1/6	8/4	2/3
SP ≤75 years	10/11	1/1	5/3	0/0	6/4	4/3	1/5	3/2

Notes:

a Equipotent doses following reference.²⁶

b Duodopa infusion therapy, apomorphine infusion therapy, or Deep Brain Stimulation.

Abbreviations: IPD, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease; SP, secondary Parkinsonism; NMDA, N-metyl-D-aspartat.

Figure 3 Differences in MS and NMS by group between controls and (IPD + SP).

Note: ^aOthers = one or more of dizziness, falling, hyposmia/taste, weight loss, increased sweating, and sensitive to stress.
Abbreviations: IPD, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease; MS, motor symptoms; NMS, non-motor symptoms; SP, secondary Parkinsonism.

Figure 4 Frequencies of reported clusters symptoms (%) between IPD and SP groups.

Note: IPD dark staples; SP light staples.
Abbreviations: IPD, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease; SP, secondary Parkinsonism; invol., involved; ICS, Impulsive Control Disorder.

Figure 5 Prevalence in percent for reported problems of moving and/or combined MS and NMS disorders (digestion and/or sleeping problems) in the (IPD + SP) groups split by gender and duration of disease (cutoff ≥2, where 0= no symptoms, 4= maximal symptoms).

Abbreviations: IPD, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease; MS, motor symptoms; NMS, non-motor symptoms; SP, secondary Parkinsonism.

Parkinson’s Well-Being Map™ Available from: http://www.ucb.com/patients/Support-tools/Parkinson-s-Well-Being-Map/well-being-mapAccessed September 19, 2018

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TomlinsonCLStoweRPatelSRickCGrayRClarkeCESystematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson’s diseaseMov Disord201025152649265321069833

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