Psychosocial dimensions of SLE: implications for the health care team

Figures & data

Table 2 Ordinary least squares regression for three outcome variables

Dependent variable	Depression			Anxiety			Socioeconomic coping
	R^2 = 0.29, f = 6.4, P = 0.00			R^2 = 0.26, f = 5.7, P = 0.00			R^2 =0.15, f = 2.8, P = 0.00
Independent variable	Coef.	t	2-tail significance	Coef.	t	2-tail significance	Coef.	t	2-tail significance
Internal	−0.071	−10.16	0.247	−0.019	−00.32	0.749	0.005	00.07	0.941
Chance	0.111	10.87	0.063	0.138	20.36	0.019	0.051	0.73	0.466
Hispanic	−0.089	−0.40	0.687	0.036	0.17	0.867	0.490	10.86	0.064
African-American	−0.043	−0.22	0.828	0.182	0.92	0.356	0.488	20.06	0.041
Asian	−0.198	−0.61	0.540	−0.191	−0.60	0.549	0.643	10.67	0.095
Chronic symptoms	0.483	20.65	0.008	0.334	10.87	0.063	0.264	10.22	0.223
Frequent flares	0.665	20.90	0.004	0.686	30.04	0.003	0.544	20.00	0.047
Some college	−0.276	−10.47	0.144	−0.101	−0.55	0.585	0.3422	10.53	0.127
College graduate	−0.440	−20.14	0.034	−0.404	−20.00	0.047	0.101	00.41	0.680
Advanced degree	−0.543	−10.93	0.054	−0.157	−0.57	0.568	0.204	00.61	0.541
Medicaid	0.048	00.27	0.790	−0.075	−00.42	0.675	0.167	0.79	0.431
Medicare	−0.589	−20.86	0.005	−0.4831	−20.39	0.017	−0.293	−10.19	0.235
No insurance	−0.088	00.33	0.745	0.377	10.42	0.156	10.09	30.42	0.001
Muscle pain	0.507	30.30	0.001	0.671	40.4	0.000	0.381	20.09	0.038
Hair loss	0.555	30.81	0.000	0.341	20.4	0.018	0.099	0.58	0.565

Table 1 Demographics of a sample with systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 378)

	%	n
Gender
Male	3.5	13
Female	96.5	367
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	37.7	135
African-American	40.2	144
Asian	4.7	17
White	17.3	62
Age (year)
<21	3.2	12
21–35	26.1	97
36–45	26.9	100
46–60	33.1	123
≥61	10.8	40
Education level
High school or less	27.4	102
Some college	33.9	126
College graduate	29	108
Advanced degree	9.7	36
Employment
Part time	12.2	44
Full time	24.4	88
Unemployed	19.4	70
On disability	44	159
Insurance
Medicaid	44.7	155
Medicare	17.9	62
Private insurance	29.1	101
None	8.4	29

Figure 1 Psychosocial problems.

Table 3 Type of drug by side effects

		If you had side effects which is most troubling
		Hair loss		Weight gain		Mood swings		Nausea
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Hydroxychloroquine	Yes	97	66.4%	62	67.4%	13	39.4%	4	44.4%
	No	49	33.6%	30	32.6%	20	60.6%	5	55.6%
NSAID	Yes	63	21.4%	47	25.5%	12	17.6%	3	16.7%
	No	231	78.6%	137	74.5%	356	82.4%	15	83.3%
Steroid	Yes	73	49.7%	57	62.0%	16	47.1%	3	33.3%
	No	74	50.3%	35	38.0%	18	52.9%	6	66.7%
Methotrexate	Yes	19	12.9%	10	10.9%	1	2.9%	1	11.1%
	No	128	87.1%	82	89.1%	33	97.1%	8	88.9%
Azathioprine	Yes	14	9.5%	13	14.1%	2	5.9%	1	11.1%
	No	133	90.5%	79	85.9%	32	94.1%	8	88.9%
Cyclosporine	Yes	1	0.07%	3	3.3%	1	2.9%	0	0%
	No	146	99.3%	89	96.7%	33	97.1%	9	100.0%
Vitamins	Yes	75	51.0%	51	55.4%	15	44.1%	2	22.2%
	No	72	49.0%	41	44.6%	19	55.9%	7	77.8%

Abbreviation: NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.