Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Reliability of the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) for Arabic Speaking Patients with Type II Diabetes

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participants (n=1002)

Variables		Number	Percentage (%)
Age			88.5
≤60 years		885
≥70 years		116	11.5
Gender
Men		540	54
Women		462	46
Glycemic control
HbA1c<7.0		350	35
HbA1c≥7.0		620	65
Type of treatment
Oral		551	55
Insulin		451	45

Table 2 Univariate and Multivariate Descriptive Results for DTSQ

Item	Patients Treated with Insulin (N=451)				Patients Treated with Oral Hypoglycaemics Agents (N=551)
	Mean	SD	Skewness	Kurtosis	Mean	SD	Skewness	Kurtosis
Satisfaction with current treatment	4.33	1.34	−0.84	0.73	4.56	1.23	−0.95	1.15
Perceived frequency of hyperglycemia	2.04	1.85	0.51	−0.88	1.25	1.57	1.11	0.23
Perceived frequency of hypoglycemia	1.83	1.67	0.75	−0.26	0.97	1.43	1.65	2.28
Treatment convenience	4.22	1.24	−0.79	1.09	4.47	1.29	−1.19	1.88
Flexibility of treatment	4.22	1.17	−0.51	0.38	4.46	1.17	−0.83	0.94
Understanding of diabetes	4.43	1.34	−1.15	1.25	4.59	1.29	−1.38	2.27
Recommending treatment to others with diabetes	3.32	2.44	−0.42	−1.53	3.80	2.28	−0.84	−0.93
Continuity of treatment	4.25	1.43	−1.13	1.23	4.61	1.30	−1.44	1.15

Table 3 Goodness-of-Fit Indices for the Theoretical Models Proposed of DTSQ

	RMSEA	90% CI	TLI	CFI	AIC	df		/df	P-value
Model 1	0.092	0.081–0.105	0.913	0.938	223.10	20	191.10	9.555
Model 2	0.076	0.064–0.089	0.941	0.960	162.79	19	128.79	6.778	<0.001
Model 3	0.076	0.064–0.089	0.941	0.960	162.79	19	128.79	6.778	<0.001

Notes: CFI, TLI>0.9, indicates a good fit; RMSEA<0.08, indicates a good fit.

Abbreviations: CFI, Comparative Fit Index; TLI, Tucker-Lewis coefficient; RMSEA, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation; AIC, Akaike Information Criterion.

Figure 1 (A) One-factor model; (B) Two-factors model; (C) Three-factors model of the DTSQ.

Table 4 Measurement Weights Constrained – Testing for Invariance Between Groups for the Factor Loadings

	RMSEA	90% CI	CFI	TLI	df		/df	P-value
Analysis – Gender
Unconstrained	0.055	0.047–0.065	0.958	0.937	38	154.85
Measurement weights	0.052	0.043–0.061	0.958	0.945	29	159.22	4.370	0.498
Analysis – Insulin
Unconstrained	0.057	0.048–0.066	0.955	0.933	34	160.86
Measurement weights	0.054	0.046–0.063	0.953	0.939	29	170.50	9.641	0.086

Notes: Gender, Male (n=540) and Female (n=462); Insulin, No insulin (n=551) and Insulin (n=451).

Table 5 Average Variance and Composite Reliability Indices of the DTSQ

Number of Factors	Number of Items		Average Variance	Composite Reliability
Two-factors	Factor 1	6	0.573	0.887
	Factor 2	2	0.582	0.736
Three-factors	Factor 1	6	0.570	0.888
	Factor 2	1	0.872	0.872
	Factor 3	1	0.775	0.775